CHN1 - Lec

• Community


  social structures; exhibits and creates norms and values
• Health


  a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity
• Community Health


  extends the realm of public health to include organized health efforts at the community level
• Community Health Nursing


  The utilization of the nursing process in the different levels of clientele-individuals, families, population groups and communities, concerned with the promotion of health, prevention of disease and disability and rehabilitation
• CHN Goal


  "To raise level of citizenry by helping communities and families to cope with the discontinuities in and threats to health in such a way as to maximize potential for high-level wellness"
• Programmer/Planner (standards and strategies)

  - identifies needs and concerns of individuals, groups, families, and the community

  - formulates, interprets, implements and assists other health team members in health plans and programs
• Health Educator/Trainer/Counsellor (factual and comprehensive)


  - identifies and interprets training needs of health team members and formulate appropriate training program for them

  - resource speaker on health and health-related services
• Community Organizer (ALWAYS involve community)

  - initiates and implements community development activities

  - INVOLVEMENT
• Coordinator of Services (ALWAYS collaborate)


  - coordinates nursing plans and programs with other health programs

  - COOPERATION
• Provider of Nursing Care

  - renders different care to various clients with different needs

  - involves family in the care of the sick or dependent client
• Health Monitor (assessment is CRUCIAL)


  - monitors and detects presence of health concerns, utilizes various effective data gathering techniques, records and reports health status and presence of health problems
• Researcher (IMPROVEMENT of Nursing Practice)


  - follows systematic process of monitoring health status of community (conducts researches)
• Statistician


  - records data systematically and ensures its validity through accurate and complete data gathering
• Change Agent


  - promotes and motivates change in the community in their health practices and lifestyle behaviors

  - self-reliance
• Integrity


  - Care Comes First

  - Confidentiality (anything said should be kept in strictest confidence)

  - Veracity (ALWAYS tell the truth)

  - Accountability (accept responsibility for one's action; fidelity)

  - Respect Dignity (PROTECT patient privacy)

  - Honesty and Integrity (ALWAYS aspire to highest levels of personal and professional conduct)

  - Uphold reputation (actions have consequences)
• Professionalism


  - High Standards of Care (Be punctual; do not hesitate to ask for help)

  - Leadership (founded on: excellent communication skills, attention to detail, respect, and resourcefulness)
• Competence


  - Conflict Resolution (ability to de-escalate a problem)

  - Ethical Thinking (enables to make value-based judgements that align with professional standards and moral codes)

  - Adaptability (capacity to combine new information with education, experience, and professional guidelines)
• Commitment


  - Fidelity (fulfillment of all commitments made to an individual's self and others)

  - Accountability (accepting responsibility for one's actions)
• Openness


  -communicate clearly and with integrity
• Teamwork


  - Collaboration (working with others and being able to communicate and cooperate)

  - ALWAYS treat everyone with respect
• Patriotism


  - feeling of love, devotion, and a sense of attachment to a homeland and alliance with other citizens who share the same sentiment
• Culture


  - socially transmitted behavior, patterns, rules of conduct, arts, values, beliefs, custom, rituals, lifeways, and products of existence
• Madeleine Leininger


  - recognized need to focus on culture in nursing

  - major concepts of theory: cultural diversity, and goal of nursing to provide patient with culturally specific nursing care
• Jehovah's Witness


  refuse blood transfusions
• Seventh Day Adventists


  prohibit consumption of pork, shellfish, alcohol, coffee, and tea
• Hindus


  prohibit consumption of beef (all meat and alcohol); eat with right hand
• Muslim


  - prohibit consumption of pork, pork products, alcohol, and blood

  - bread is required with each meal

  - eat with right hand

  - beverages are consumed after meal; some do not mix hot and cold foods

  - fasting (start of remedy)

  - special daily prayer times (need basin of water, bed or chair facing Mecca. read/listen to Qur'an)

  - Death is God's will and foreordained

  - Death Rituals (body washed three times by Muslim of same gender and wrapped in white, buried asap in brick or cement grave with body facing Mecca)
• Roman Catholic


  - Anointing of the Sick (last rites for the seriously ill)

  - attending mass

  - praying the rosary and novena

  - expressing devotion to saints and the Virgin Mother

  - receiving sacraments and holy communion

  - reconciliation

  - observing religious holidays and rituals

  - going on pilgrimages
• Amor Propio


  low self-esteem
• "Not One of Us"

  - civility (Pakikitungo)

  - mixing (Pakikisalamuha)

  - joining/participating (pakikilahok)

  - adjusting (Pakikisama)
• "One of Us"


  - rapport (Pakikipagpalagayan ng loob)

  - getting involved (Pakikisangkot)

  - oneness/full trust (Pakiisa)
• 1577


  Franciscan FriarJuan Clemente opened medical dispensary in Intramuros for the indigent
• 1690


  Dominican Father Juan de Pergero worked toward installing a water system in San Juan del Monte (presently San Juan City, Metro Manila) and Manila
• 1805


  Dr. Francisco de Balmis introduced Smallpox vaccination
• 1876


  first medicos titulares were appointed by the Spanish government and worked as provincial health officers
• 1888


  University of Santo Tomas opens a 2-year course, cirujanos ministrantes, to produce male nurses and sanitation inspectors
• 1901


  The Board of Health of the Philippine Islands was created through Act 157 by the US Philippine Commission (eventually DOH)
• 1912


  - The Fajardo Act (Act No. 2156) created Sanitary Divisions

  - Philippine General Hospital sent 4 nurses to Cebu to care for mothers and babies

  - Reorganization Act No. 2462 created office of General Inspection due to demand for nurses to work outside the hospital, need for direction, supervision and guidance of PHN
• 1919


  first Filipino nurse supervisor under Bureau of Health, Ms. Carmen del Rosario
• 1923


  Zamboanga General Hospital School of Nursing and Baguio General Hospital were established (government schools)