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• What is the main topic of the A2 biology chapter discussed?

  Respiration
• Why do students often struggle with the topic of respiration?


  They find the lectures confusing and overwhelming
• What is respiration defined as?

  The breakdown of organic molecules
• Which organic molecules are focused on in the respiration chapter?

  Carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids
• Why do cells break down organic molecules?

  To release energy for cellular work
• What is released when glucose is broken down by cells?

  Energy
• What is the significance of the law of thermodynamics in relation to energy?

  Energy cannot be created nor destroyed
• What process captures light energy to create glucose?

  Photosynthesis
• How is glucose formed during photosynthesis?

  Light energy is captured by chlorophyll and converted through a series of reactions
• What type of energy is glucose considered?

  Chemical energy
• What happens to glucose when a cow eats a leaf?

  The cow carries out respiration and releases ATP and heat energy
• What is ATP?


  A type of chemical energy needed for cellular work
• What is cellular work?


  Processes in the cell that require energy
• Give an example of a process that requires cellular work.

  Active transport
• What is an example of a cellular work process that involves movement?

  Muscle movement
• What are vesicle movements in cellular work?

  Movements involved in bulk transport such as endocytosis and exocytosis
• What are anabolic reactions?


  Reactions where something is built, such as protein synthesis and DNA replication
• Why do cells need ATP? Provide specific examples.

  For movement of cilia, endocytosis, exocytosis, active transport, and anabolic reactions
• Why is it important to be specific when listing examples of cellular work?


  To provide clear and accurate information in exams
• What is the main topic of the A2 biology chapter discussed?

  Respiration
• Why do students often struggle with the topic of respiration?


  They find the lectures confusing and overwhelming
• What is respiration defined as?

  • The breakdown of organic molecules
  • Focus on carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids
  • Purpose: to release energy for cellular work
• What is released when organic molecules are broken down during respiration?

  Energy for cellular work
• What is an example of an organic molecule that is broken down during respiration?

  Glucose
• What is the significance of the law of thermodynamics in relation to energy?

  Energy cannot be created nor destroyed
• What process captures light energy to produce glucose?

  Photosynthesis
• What type of energy is glucose considered?

  Chemical energy
• What type of energy is released during respiration in cells?

  Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and heat energy
• What is ATP needed for?

  Cellular work
• What is cellular work?

  • Processes in the cell that require energy
  • Examples include:
  • Active transport
  • Movement of cells (muscle movement)
  • Vesicle movement (endo/exocytosis)
  • Anabolic reactions (e.g., protein synthesis, DNA replication)
• Why do cells need ATP? Provide examples.

  For movement of cilia, endo/exocytosis, active transport, and anabolic reactions
• What specific anabolic reactions require ATP?


  Protein synthesis and DNA replication