ETHICS 2

• Deontology


  A theory that suggests actions are good or bad according to a clear set of rules. Its name comes from the Greek word Deon, meaning duty
• Actions that obey these rules are ethical, while actions that do not are not
• Immanuel Kant


  German philosopher associated with deontology
• Immanuel Kant: '"In order to determine what is right you have to use REASON and sense of consideration for other people."'
• Categorical imperatives


  Commands you must follow, regardless of your desires. Moral obligations are derived from pure reasons.
• Universalizable maxim


  "Act only according to that maxim which you can at the same time will that it should became a universal law without contradiction."
• Immanuel Kant (1724-1804) is the central figure in modern philosophy
• Immanuel Kant is a deontologist

  
• Immanuel Kant argues that human understanding is the source of the general laws of nature structure all our experience; and that human reason give itself that moral law, which is out basis for belief in God, freedom and immorality
• Deontological Ethics (duty-based)


  Concerned with what people do, not with the consequences of their action
• Deontological principles


  • Do the right thing
  • Do it because it's the right thing to do
  • Don't do wrong things
  • Avoid them because they are wrong
• Duty-based ethics teaches that some acts are right or wrong because of the sorts of things they are, and people have a duty to act accordingly , regardless of the good or bad consequences that may produced
• Deontological rules


  • It is wrong to kill innocent people
  • It is wrong to steal
  • It is wrong to tell lies
  • It is right to keep promises
• People have a duty to do the right thing, even if it produces a bad result
• Autonomy


  Counts as deontology thinking
• Need to know rational will vs animal impulse to understand deontological thinking
• "Act only according to that maxim which you can at the same time will that it should became a universal law without contradiction."
• Formulation #1: The universalizability principle
• Cheating at exam


  • Tell the truth
  • Don't tell the truth
• Telling the truth is the right thing to do, but may have negative consequences
• Not telling the truth may have positive consequences, but is still wrong
• "the one thing you are never permitted to do is violate the moral law, even if others are doing so, even for a really good cause."
• Formulation #2: The Formula of Humanity


  "Act so that you treat Humanity, whether in your own person or in that of another, always as an end and never as a mere means."
• Formulation #3: The Principle of Autonomy


  We are not objects to that exist to be used by others. We're our own ends. We're rational and autonomous. We have the ability to set our own goals, and work toward them
• Unlike other things in the world we're self-governed. We're able to set our own ends, to make our own free decisions based on our RATIONAL WILL
• Duty


  Follows the moral rule, we are oblige to be morally good
• People have a duty to do the right thing, even if it produces a bad result. You still should do the right thing.
• Consequentialist


  Begin by considering what things are good and identify 'right' actions as the ones that produce the maximum of those good things
• Deontologist


  First consider what actions are 'right' and proceed from there
• Kantian Ethics uses Reason to inform Good Will to Highlight your Duty in any situation

  
• You need your reason to figure out if you are acting by a universalizable maxim
• Morality is based on reason not emotion
• What you intend and why is the important focus
• Good intentions comes from Good Will
• Are there times when our duties to our patients seem to conflict? How will you manage this?
• Is lying to patients ever justified?
• Create your own comic strip with a minimum of (6) panels with pictures taken by you. The comic strip must present a scenario about Kantian Ethics. You should be the main character/ you must be included in the picture. Save your work then add a TITLE and short EXPLANATION