Adv Journ

• Broadcasting


  To send out or transmit using radio or television or by streaming over the internet
• Broadcasting


  • Covers a wide range of different communication methods including television, radio, podcasts, blogs, advertising, websites, online streaming, and digital journalism
• TV Broadcasting


  A telecommunications network for the distribution of television program content, where a central operation provides programming to many television stations or pay television providers
• People in Broadcasting


  • Anchor/s
  • Reporters
  • Producer/Director/Floor Director
  • Video Graphics Editor
  • Video Researcher/Production Assistant
  • Video Journalist/Camera Man
• Script


  A written material, which indicates verbal and nonverbal action that has to go into the program
• Importance of Script


  • Ensure the accuracy of information
  • Ensure continuity of the program
  • Maximize airtime
• Structure of Broadcast News Writing


  Direct to the point, Simple, Shortest possible, simple only, Writing for the ear & element of immediacy
• Parts of Script


  • Front page
  • Program Rundown
  • Main Script
• Parts of Front Page

  • Logo
  • Date
  • Station Name
  • List of Talents
• Four Cs


  • Correctness – accuracy
  • Clarity – easily understood
  • Conciseness – brevity and shortness
  • Color – interesting
• Sample Content


  • International News
  • National News
  • Local News
  • Entertainment News
  • Sports News
  • Infomercial/DevCom
• Components of Audiovisual Script

  • Visual – it will tell us what we will actually see
  • Aural – what we need to hear (music, human voice, sound effects e.g. transition)
• TV News Writing Basics

  • Words must match the video
  • Identify the people shown in stories quickly
  • Let the picture tell the story
  • Use words to clarify items that are not obvious from the video
  • One sentence, one idea
  • Avoid sentences with a lot of punctuations
  • Bite size pieces of information for easier understanding
  • Create an outline
  • What to show readers without making them bored or confused
• Bumper


  Some lines between the news and commercial breaks to tell the listeners that there will be some more news coming up
• Billboard


  Usually heard after the news to remind what product sponsors the said news
• Headlines


  Teasers of the top stories in a news program which appears right after the OBB
• OBB


  Opening Billboard, a standard first video of the program; short video intro of the show
• CBB


  Closing Billboard, end video of the show
• Violator


  A graphic element placed on the screen to identify the network or channel airing the program
• Lower Thirds


  Graphics in the lower portion of the screen containing the summaries, names and designation of sources or interviewees
• Title Card


  Video composed of text and graphics to introduce the show's title
• Crawler


  Words that move across the screen
• Human Voice


  Considered as the heart and soul of the human broadcast
• Broadcast Delivery


  • Texture
  • Pacing
  • Impact of the human voice
• Technical Application


  Characterized through the BED (production element usually instrumental music and sound effects being played in the background)
• Composition of the 5-minute Broadcast
• Projection


  vocal energy
• Voice inflection


  appropriate rise and fall in voice
• Pause


  stopping at appropriate times to separate ideas and allow the audiences to absorb the fact
• Vocal Stressing


  giving emphasis in appropriate words to communicate the desired meaning
• Mood


  expression of happy and sad feelings through the voice
• Texture


  quality of voice
• Stress


  made some words more important than the others
• Pacing


  whether words are being said in various speed