Research Report, Project Proposal, Position Paper 2

• Research Report


  An expanded paper that presents interpretations and analyses of a phenomenon based on experiments and previous information so that the readers can better understand it
• Parts of a Research Report

  • Title Page
  • Abstract
  • Introduction
  • Literature Review
  • Methodology
  • Results
  • Discussion
  • Conclusion
  • References
• Title Page


  Contains an informative title that describes the content of the paper, the name of author/s, addresses or affiliations, and date of submission
• Abstract


  Contains the summary of the research findings and conclusions. It briefly presents the context of the study, research questions or objectives, methodology, major findings, conclusions, and sometimes implications. It does not contain any citation or a great deal of statistical results. Its length ranges from 100 to 250 words.
• Introduction


  Explains the current state of the field and identifies research gaps. It is also the part where the research focus is presented by addressing the identified gaps in the topic. It puts the research topic in context. It is usually three to five paragraphs long.
• Literature Review


  • contains the summary and synthesis of all available sources directly related to the study. In a research report, the literature review is divided into two sections: related concepts and related studies.
• Related concepts


  Present some of the fundamental concepts needed by the readers to better understand the study. Concepts and theories are defined, explained, and described.
• Related studies


  Are based on previously conducted studies directly related to the paper. Both the related concepts and studies will help the writer explain the phenomena that may arise in the study.
• Methodology


  Describes how the experiments or tests in the research were conducted. It presents the context within which the study was conducted, the participants, the instruments used, data gathering procedure, and the data analysis.
• Results


  Factually describes the data gathered and the tables and graphs that summarize the collected data. Along with the tables and graphs are their respective interpretations. The flow of the results section should follow the flow of the research questions/problems/objectives.
• Discussion


  Provides an explanation of all the results in relation to the previous studies presented in the literature review. It restates the research problems or objectives, as well as the major findings, in the first paragraph. The succeeding paragraphs should explain whether the study supports or rejects the previous findings and explain the reasons for this. New findings uncovered in the research should also be stated.
• Conclusion


  Contains the restatement of the major findings, the limitations of the study, the recommendations, and the implications. Note that in some cases, the conclusion is integrated into the discussion.
• References


  Contains the different sources used in the study. These may be academic books, journals, and other online sources. Its format depends on the school, teacher, or field of study.