Types of data

• What are the two types of data in research experiments?

  Primary data and secondary data
• What methods can primary data be collected through?

  Observation studies, questionnaires, interviews
• What is secondary data?

  Data collected from external sources
• What are some sources of secondary data?

  Internet, newspapers, research articles
• What is a strength of primary data?

  It suits the aims of the research
• What is a weakness of primary data?

  It takes more time and effort to collect
• What is a strength of secondary data?

  It is easier and quicker to use
• What is a weakness of secondary data?

  It may not fit the research area exactly
• What types of data can research experiments produce?

  Quantitative or qualitative data
• What does quantitative data usually relate to?

  Quantities, often represented by numbers
• How can qualitative data be transformed for analysis?

  By counting themes to create numbers
• What is a strength of quantitative data?

  It is scientific and objective
• What is a weakness of quantitative data?

  It may lack detail
• What is a strength of qualitative data?

  It is rich and detailed
• What is a weakness of qualitative data?

  It may be subjective and imprecisely measured
• What are descriptive statistics used for in research?

  • Express numbers to show overall patterns
  • Help researchers handle collected data
  • Represent data in graphs and tables
• What type of data can be expressed using descriptive statistics?

  Only quantitative data
• What does the range of data describe?

  The spread of the data
• What does a low range indicate about data?

  It indicates consistency in data
• How is the range calculated?

  Highest score minus lowest score
• What is the mean in statistics?

  The mathematical average of scores
• What is a strength of the mean?

  All values are used, making it representative
• What is a weakness of the mean?

  It can be skewed or distorted
• What is the median in statistics?

  The central score in rank-ordered scores
• How is the median calculated with an odd number of scores?

  It is the middle number
• How is the median calculated with an even number of scores?

  Average of the two middle scores
• What is a strength of the median?

  It cannot be skewed or distorted
• What is a weakness of the median?

  It does not use all the values
• What is the mode in statistics?

  The score that occurs most frequently
• What is a strength of the mode?

  It is easy to calculate
• What is a weakness of the mode?

  It doesn't tell us anything about the data
• What is primary data?

  Data collected by the researcher themselves
• What types of studies can primary data be collected from?

  Observations, questionnaires, interviews, experiments
• What is secondary data?

  Data collected from external sources
• What are some sources of secondary data?

  Internet, newspapers, research articles
• How can secondary data be characterized?

  It can be quantitative or qualitative
• What are the strengths of primary data?

  More reliable and specific to the research
• What are the weaknesses of primary data?

  Time-consuming and more expensive to collect
• What are the strengths of secondary data?

  Quicker and cheaper to obtain
• What are the weaknesses of secondary data?

  Less reliable and may not fit the research