4TH QUARTER

• Cooking Safety - #1 cause of home fires
• Bitanio (2013) - Unattended cooking is the top contributing factor
• Things to do to control cooking fire :

  • Cover the fire by placing a lid over the pan
  • Turn off the burner or stove
  • In case of oven fire, turn off the heat and keep the door closed
  • In case of microwave fire, unplug the power source and keep the door closed
• Cigarettes - leading causes of fire deaths in city, state, and national level (Bitonio, 2013)
• Ways to prevent fire from smoking material

  • Do not smoke in bed or anywhere that you might fall asleep
  • If you smoke, do it outside
  • Do not discard cigarettes in potted plants, landscaping vegetation or bark dust - they can easily catch fire
• Electrical Safety - caused by faulty wiring and faulty equipment or appliances; one of the causes of structure fires and fire deaths
• Ways to prevent fires caused by electric

  • Avoid overloading outlets. One outlet is to one high-wattage appliance at a time
  • Don't use an extension cord with major appliance like television, air conditioner, and refrigerator. Plug it in a major power outlet
  • In case a fuse blows or a circuit breaker tips often, light became dim, or outlets or switches became heated, call a qualified electrician to inspect and fix the problem
• Ways to prevent fires caused by electric

  • Avoid overloading outlets. One outlet is to one high-wattage appliance at a time
  • Don't use an extension cord with major appliance like television, air conditioner, and refrigerator. Plug it in a major power outlet
  • In case a fuse blows or a circuit breaker tips often, light became dim, or outlets or switches became heated, call a qualified electrician to inspect and fix the problem
• Candle Safety - most popular source of light during brown out or power outage because it is available even in sari-sari stores
• Safety tips to prevent fire caused by candle

  • Use candle holders that are stable to prevent the candle from falling into the floor or near something that is flammable or easily burn
  • Keep candles at least 12 inches away from anything that can burn
  • Blow out candles when you leave the room or go to bed; avoid the use of candles in rooms where people might fall asleep
• Spontaneous Combustion - happens when a material can produce or accumulate its own heat and can cause increase in temperature without drawing heat from its surroundings
• When fire is caused by faulty electrical wirings, water and foam could create some explosions or can increase the intensity of fire
• Fire Safety Signs - color coded for easier identification and determination which is mandatory and which should be avoided
• Red (White PC) - Fire-fighting equipment
• Green (White PC) - Safe condition
• Red (Black PC) - Prohibition
• Yellow (Black PC) - Warning
• Blue (White PC) - Mandatory
• Based on BFP, an average of 42 fire incidents were recorded from year 2013 to 2017
• May 13, 2015 - Fire in Kentex manufacturing in Valenzuela, Metro Manila
• 1996 Ozone Disco Club and 2001 Manor Hotel Fire killed 162 annd 75 people
• Elements of Fire

  1. Oxygen
  2. Heat
  3. Fuel
• Fuel - any material that can be burned such as solid, liquid, or gas
• Heat - an energy that flows through object
• Flash point - lowest temperature needed to form an ignitable mixture in air near the surface of the liquid
• Oxygen - an element, estimated 21% of it can be found in the air
• Removing the Heat - goal is to lower the temperature which is usually accomplished by adding water as an extinguishing agent
• Removing the Fuel - not a practical way of extinguishing fire except when dealing with flammable liquid fires, valves can be shut off and storage vessels pumped to safe areas to help eliminate the supply fuel to the fire
• Removing the Oxygen - can be accomplished by separating it from the fuel source or by displacing it with other gases like carbon dioxide nitrogen and stream