carbohydrates

• carbohydrates


  give the body energy.
• what are the monosaccharides?

  glucose, fructose, galactose
• what are the simple carbohydrates

  monosaccharides and disaccharides
• a complex carbohydrate


  polysaccharide
• simple carbohydrate


  are quick energy source
• glucose


  or blood sugar
• sucrose


  table sugar
• fructose


  sugar found in fruit, honey, and vegetables
• maltose


  is grain starch broken down into sugar
• galactose


  component of lactose
• what are the disaccharides?

  maltose, sucrose, lactose
• sucrose


  glucose + fructose
• lactose


  glucose + galactose
• maltose


  glucose + glucose
• what are the polysaccharides?

  glycogen, starches, fibers
• glycogen


  are long chain of glucose found in animals
• starch


  long chains of glucose found in plants
• fiber


  most indigestible CHO
• insoluble


  non-viscous; cellulose, lignins
• soluble

  viscous and fermentable; pectins, gums, mucilages
• insulin


  moves glucose from blood into the cells
• glucagon


  signals the liver to release glucose into the blood
• epinephrine


  released when emergency fuel needed