Unit 4: 1984 - 94

• What would happen if negotiations failed?

  Civil War
• What was 'Third Force'?

  Government force which attempted to encourage violence between African groups
• What was Operation Vula?

  ANC operation to enable the return of MK to South Africa and prepare for guerrilla warfare if negotiations fail
• What happened to the Soviet Union in the late 1980s?

  The Soviet bloc collapsed and the cold war subsided
• What was the Vaal Triangle Uprising, 1984?


  An uprising that took place in September 1984, the day the Tricameral Parliament opened in Cape Town
• What was Necklacing?


  Forcing car tires over the heads of victims, pouring petrol on them and then lighting them on fire
• What did the ANC call for?

  "Make our country ungovernable"
• What was the ANC no longer restricted to?

  Sabotage - 137 MK attacks in 1985
• What was the Six Day War?

  An uprising in Alexandra, Johannesburg, 1986. Triggered when Michael Diradeng was shot by a security guard in January
• What happened to Matanzima?

  He was ousted in a coup in 1987
• What had Botha accepted the failure of?

  Total Strategy
• What did De Klerk do when he first came to power?

  • Unbanned the ANC, PAC and the Communist Party
  • Released Political Prisoners
  • Removed the Population Regulation Act, Group Areas Act, Separate Amenities Act