The Point of Matter

• Everything in this universe is made of materials which scientist has names 'matter'
• Matter


  Anything that occupies space and has mass
• Particles of matter


  • Have space between them
  • Are continuously moving
  • Attract each other
• States of matter


  • Solid
  • Liquid
  • Gas
• Matter can change its state from solid to liquid and from liquid to gas and vice-versa
• Melting point


  The temperature at which a solid melts to become a liquid at the atmospheric pressure
• Boiling point


  The temperature at which a liquid starts boiling at the atmospheric pressure
• Latent heat of fusion

  The amount of heat energy required to change 1 kg of a solid into liquid at its melting point
• Latent heat of vaporization


  The amount of heat energy required to change 1 kg of a liquid to vapour at atmospheric pressure, at its boiling point
• On applying pressure, the particles of matter can be brought close together and the state of matter can be changed
• Evaporation

  The phenomenon of changing of a liquid into its vapour state at any temperature below its boiling point
• Factors affecting evaporation


  • Increase in surface area
  • Increase in temperature
  • Decrease in humidity
  • Increase in wind speed
• Formation of matter to solid, liquid , gas and back to its original form

  
• Liquid - particles are closer than gas, can flow around one another
• Solid - particles are close together, vibrate but do not move
• Tablet of Matter