Passed after being weakened from a previously attempted bill, as Congress rejected the first one. Due to southern Democrats opposing desegregation.
President Eisenhower was intent on presenting a more equal national society, as all the publicity on discriminatory behaviours in the USA was damaging their international reputation.
The act aimed to improve black American voting rights, setting up commissions that investigated any situation where a black American was restricted from voting, and prosecute states who did so.
However bias juries rarely convicted, so there was still an almost non existent percentage of black American voters.