Ecology

• Living components - Biotic

  Non-Living Components - Abiotic
• A habitat is a place where an organism lives
• Habitats may be terrestrial (on land) or aquatic (in the water)
• Types of ecosystems

  • Aquatic ecosystems
  • Terrestrial Ecosystems
• Levels of organization in an ecosystem

  1. Individual
  2. Population
  3. Community
  4. Ecosystem
  5. Biome
• Levels of organization in an ecosystem

  1. Individual
  2. Population
  3. Community
  4. Ecosystem
  5. Biome
• Levels of organization in an ecosystem(pt 1)

  INDIVIDUAL

  • Lowest level of organization
  • Any living thing or organism
  • Example: 1 goldfish

  
  

  POPULATION

  • Groups of individuals of the same species that:
  • Live in the same area
  • Interact with each other
  • Produce fertile offspring
  • The place they live is called a habitat
  • Example: A school of goldfish

  
  

  COMMUNITY

  • Consists of populations of DIFFERENT species that live in the same area and interact together
  • Only biotic factors
  • Example: Gold fish, salmon and crabs coexist in a defined location
• Levels of organization in an ecosystem

  ECOSYSTEM

  • Consists of living things and their environment
  • Includes a community of living organisms (biotic) interacting with the environment (abiotic)
  • Example: Ocean

  
  

  BIOME

  • Group of ecosystems that have the same climate and dominant communities
  • Similar plants, animals and weather
  • A set of ecosystems sharing similar characteristics with their abiotic factors adapted to their environment
• Biosphere

  • All living things and non-living things existing in water, land and air
  • All the different biomes, each blending into the other
  • A biosphere includes all the ecosystems on Earth
• Species 


  A groups of similar organisms in an ecosystem
• Ecology


  The study of how living things interact with each other and their environment
• Sustainability


  populations of plants, animals and other living organisms can continue to interact and reproduce indefinitely
• Niches

  organism's role, where they live and how they use things around them

  • Food It eats
  • How it gets food
  • place in the food web
• Deciduous forest

  
  

  dominated by deciduous trees such as forest maple, oak, and ash with attractive climate for humans
• Tundra 


  A cold desert with no tress but will have shrubs, hardy grasses, mosses

  Low average temperature, permafrost
• Boreal forest


  Rainfall and warm summers support the growth of conifer trees (fir and spruce)

  Largest biome on earth
• Grassland

  
  

  Open area covered in grass. Has rainfall that supports grasses but cannot support trees
• Atmosphere


  The atmosphere is a mixture of gases that surrounds the Earth. It provides air for us to breathe and protects us from ultraviolet radiation (UV) radiation.
• Lithosphere 


  Solid rocky outer layer of the earth consisting of rocks and minerals.
• Hydrosphere 


  All the water (in solid, liquid and gas form) on Earth
• Terrestrial biomes

  Deciduous forest, tundra, boreal forest, temperate coniferous forest, grasslands
• Aquatic biomes


  freshwater ecosystem, marine ecosystem
• Freshwater ecosystems


  consists of moving bodies of water, such as rivers, and nearly stationary bodies of water such as lakes.

  
  

  Salt concentration - 1%
• Marine ecosystems


  Nutrient-poor, unable to support many photosynthesizing organisms.