PEH

• Mountaineering Climbing/Alpinism

  • is a physical activity where participants try to reach the summit of a mountain. 
• Mountaineering Climbing/Alpinism


  • is a physical activity where participants try to reach the summit of a mountain. 
  • Large landform that rises more than 500 meters above the surrounding plains
• Mountaineers


  People who engage in this sport are called
• People climbed mountains for economic gain and survival , and sometimes, to fulfill some Spiritual activities.
• 18th century


  This is when people began climbing mountains for scientific observations.
• Horace Bénédict de Saussure


  1786-Earliest Recorded
• Dr. Michel-Gabriel Paccard and his porter, Jacques Balmat


  Climbed Mont Blanc 4,808m
• Sir Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay


  They conquered Mt. Everest-considered the highest peak in the world
• 1953


  This is when Sir Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay conquered Mt. Everest and made it more popular.
• Romi Garduce 


  On September 26, 2005, He became The first Filipino to top out an 8000m peak.
• May 19, 2006


  When did Romi Garduce climbed the summit of Mt. Everest?
• Tabon Man 


  What is one proof of Filipinos climbing mountains way back
• where is the Tabon Man discovered?

  caves of Tabon in a mountain in Palawan
• Another proof is the civilization established in the mountains by the indigenous people of the Cordillera region.
• Mt. Pulag


  is one of the highest mountains in the Philippines. It is the highest peak in Luzon, with an elevation of 2 922 meters above sea level.
• Mount Apo


  also known locally as Apo Sandawa, is a large solfataric, dormant stratovolcano on the island of Mindanao, Philippines. With an elevation of 2,954 meters above sea level,
• Mount Dulang-dulang


  the north central portion of the province of Bukidnon in the island of Mindanao. Elevation: 2,938 m

  dubbed by Filipino mountaineers as "D2," is the highest elevation peak in the Kitanglad Mountain Range, located in
• 1852


  earliest record of mountaineering in the

  country
• Don Jose Oyanguren


  the governor of Davao, aimed to climb Mt. Apo. He organized a group of people and climbed the mountain, but they failed because of the difficulty in the ascent. They retreated, with 20 members dying in the failed endeavor
• Don Joaquin Rajal, together with Father Mateo Gisbert and Dr Joseph Montano. 


  The three successfully reached the summit of Mt. Apo with the help of the Bagobos, the indigenous people in the area. -1880
• 1990


  golden age of mountaineering -formal training and courses -different clubs and societies opened
• HAZARDS OF MOUNTAINEERING


  Man-Made & Natural
• MAN-MADE HAZARDS 


  • also called subjective hazards
  • caused by lack of preparation and carelessness.
  • Dehydration, falling, and overexertion are some common
  • consequences of man-made hazards. Careful preparation and planning are the antidotes to the subjective hazards in the mountains.
• NATURAL HAZARDS 


  • caused by natural occurrences.
  • They are also called objective hazards.
  • They are caused by the natural environment in the mountain and by the weather. Some natural hazards include weather hazards, altitude, strong winds, rock falls, and visibility. Dangerous animals, plants, and other organisms are also natural hazards.
• LEVEL 1


  • mountains are those whose height are 1 000 meters above sea level and below.
• LEVEL 2


  • mountains, 1 000-2 000 meters above sea level
• LEVEL 3


  • mountains, over 2 000 meters above sea level.
• Minor Climb


  requires a maximum of a one-day hike to climb

  the summit
• Major Climb


  requires an overnight stay or camping for several days
• Hiking


  -INVOLVES A LONG ENERGETIC WALK IN A NATURAL ENVIRONMENT ON HIKING TRAILS OR FOOTPATHS FOR A DAY OR OVERNIGHT.

  -WHEN HIKING LASTS OVERNIGHT, IT IS REFERRED TO AS BACKPACKING.

  -HIKING IS MAINLY A LEISURE ACTIVITY.-INVOLVES A LONG ENERGETIC WALK IN A NATURAL ENVIRONMENT ON HIKING TRAILS OR FOOTPATHS FOR A DAY OR OVERNIGHT.

  -WHEN HIKING LASTS OVERNIGHT, IT IS REFERRED TO AS BACKPACKING.

  -HIKING IS MAINLY A LEISURE ACTIVITY.
• Trekking


  -IT IS A LONGER JOURNEY THROUGH UNCHARTED PATHS WITHIN A CHALLENGING ENVIRONMENT OR WILD NATURAL SETTING

  -IS NOT ONLY DONE FOR LEISURE, BUT ALSO TO TEST ONE'S AGILITY AND ENDURANCE AND HIS OR HER MENTAL, EMOTIONAL AND PHYSICAL CAPABILITIES

  -REQUIRES MORE EQUIPMENT THAN HIKING
• INTERNAL FRAME BACKPACK 


  Is designed to make the weight of the bag closer to the body's center of gravity
• EXTERNAL FRAME BACKPACK 


  -Holds the weight of the bag away from the body.

  -Usually gets entangled to tree branches.
• BELT BAG 


  -Where you can put things that you need easy

  access.
• FABRIC BOOTS


  This boots are soft, flexible and lightweight. They let the feet breathe and they can dry quickly when wet.
• LEATHER BOOTS 


  More durable and can give maximum protection to your feet. They are water

  resistant and have strong cleated soles
• Sleeping Mat or Pad


  provides padding to your sleeping bag from small rocks that can hurt your back
• SPACE BLANKET


  gives warmth and comfort in cold temperatures in the mountain
• Leader


  In charged of making decisions, emergencies, and assign tasks for other members of team.
• Pacer


  Pro climbers in maintaining the rhythm of the hike.

  He or she ensures that all members of the group walk in the correct trails.