DIEN

• FOREBRAIN: DIENCEPHALON = Consists of third ventricle and the structures

  that forms its boundaries. Egg shaped mass of gray matter that forms the

  central core of the cerebrum.
• THALAMUS = serves as a cell station to all the main sensory system (except olfactory pathway)
• THALAMUS

  Superior surface is covered by a thin layer of

  white matter called STRATUM ZONALE

  Lateral surface is covered by EXT. MEDULLARY

  LAMINA
• PINEAL GLAND = small glandular structure located at the center of the roof of the diencephalon. It secretes melatonin hormone which regulates circadian rhythm
• HYPOTHALAMUS = located below thalamus, it contains many nuclei which are involved with autonomic functions such as regulation of body temperature, blood pressure, heart rate, respiration, hunger, thirst, sleep, sex drive, etc.
• OPTIC CHIASMA = where optic nerves crosses over from one side of brain to another
• TECTUM = dorsal part of midbrain; composed of superior colliculus and inferior colliculus
• ANTERIOR THALAMIC NUCLEI => associated with limbic system that is

  concerned with Emotional tone mechanism,

  regulation of alertness and memory
• MEDIAL NUCLEI (a.k.a. Dorsomedial nuclei) = integration of large variety ofsensory information including somatic, visceral and olfactory information and relate this

  information to one’s emotional feeling and subjective states
• Lat. dorsal nucleus = expression of emotion
• Lat. post. nucleus and Pulvinar nucleus – helps

  integrate sensory information
• VENTRAL LATERAL NUCLEI = relay station for sensory input from the opposite sides of the body
• Ventral anterior nucleus =

  contributes to motor function of motor cortex

  possibly movt. Planning of activities
• Ventral posterior nucleus -> receives impulses from somatic sensation
• INTRALAMINAR NUCLEI = pain perception, integration of

  sensory and motor information, influenced

  level of consciousness and alertness or arousal

  of individuals

  Small collections of nerve cells within the

  internal medullary lamina