Review

• Abdicate


  to resign; formally give up an office or a duty
• Allies


  alliance of nations joining together to fight a common enemy
• Armaments


  weapons and supplies of war with which a military unit is equipped
• Armistice


  state of peace agreement between opponents so they can discuss peace terms
• Atomic Energy


  energy created when the nucleus of atoms join together or split apart; used in atomic bombs
• Capitalism


  economic system based on private property and free enterprise
• Cold War


  period of time following World War II; ideological struggle between communism (Soviet Union) and capitalism (United States) for world influence.
• Collectivization


  Stalin's economic and political plan; creation of large, state-run farms instead of individual holdings; allowed more efficient control over peasants
• Communism


  form of socialism that abolishes private ownership; activities directed by the state
• Conservative


  favoring traditional values and views
• Containment


  U.S. foreign policy adopted by President Harry Truman in the late 1940s; goal of stopping spread of communism by creating alliances and helping weak countries to resist Soviet advances
• Decolonization


  to free a colony to become self-governing or independent.
• Deposed


  removed from office or power
• Democratization


  creating a government elected by the people
• Doctrine


  belief or system of beliefs accepted as authoritative by some group or school
• Egalitarian


  a person who believes in the equality of all people
• Ethnic Cleansing


  the expulsion, imprisonment, or killing of ethnic minorities by a dominant majority group
• Exodus


  journey by a large group to escape a hostile environment
• Fascism


  strong, centralized government with strict social and economic control; usually headed by a dictator. First found in Italy by Mussolini.
• First World


  largely democratic and free-market states of the US and Western Europe
• Front Line


  line along which opposing armies face each other
• Globalization


  trend toward increased cultural and economic connectedness between people, businesses, and organizations throughout the world.
• Global Warming


  increase in the average temperature of the earth's atmosphere causing climate changes
• Guerilla


  member of a loosely organized fighting force that makes surprise attacks on enemy troops
• Intervention


  deliberate act of a nation or a group of nations to introduce its military forces into the course of an existing conflict. "The World's Policeman"
• Isolationism


  national policy of avoiding involvement in world affairs
• Jihad


  holy war undertaken as a sacred duty by Muslims
• Legislature


  persons who make, amend or repeal laws
• Liberal


  Someone who favors federal government action to bring about social and economic reform
• Militarism


  policy of building up strong armed forces to prepare for war
• Nationalism


  pride in or devotion to one's country
• Nationalize


  to take over ownership by a national government
• Nation-State


  independent nation of people having a common culture and identity
• Natural Resources


  materials and energy in nature that are essential or useful to humans
• National Socialist Party


  Nazi party led by Adolf Hitler in Germany; picked up political support during the economic chaos of the Great Depression; advocated authoritarian state under a single leader, aggressive foreign policy to reverse humiliation of the Treaty of Versailles; took power in Germany in 1933.
• Nuclear Weapons


  deriving destructive energy from the release of atomic energy
• Radical


  opinions and actions that are far beyond the norm
• Recession


  economic slowdown of the economy; results in rising unemployment, increased business failures, declining economic growth and higher personal bankruptcies.
• Reform


  make changes for improvement in order to remove abuse and injustices
• Reparations


  payments for war damage such as demanded of Germany in Treaty of Versailles after WWI