The English Civil War

• Royalists (Cavaliers) supported the king
• Parliamentarians (Roundheads) supported Parliament
• Battle of Edgehill (1642):

  • Prince Rupert led a charge against Roundhead soldiers, with no clear winner
• Battle of Newbury (1643):

  • Roundheads took the best position on the battlefield and defeated the Prince's charge
• Battle of Marston Moor (1644):

  • Cromwell attacked the unguarded left side of the Cavaliers, leading to a Roundhead victory
• Battle of Naseby (1645):

  • Prince Rupert attacked the Roundhead supply wagons instead of the infantry, leading to a Roundhead victory
• The Battle of Edgehill (1642):

  • Started at the bottom of a steep hill
  • Prince Rupert (cavalier) led a charge against roundhead soldiers
  • No obvious winner as both sides fought very hard
• The Battle of Newbury (1643):

  • Roundheads took the best position on the battlefield
  • Prince charged at the roundheads but was defeated
  • King and his army retreated to Oxford
  • Roundheads emerged victorious
• The Battle of Marston Moor (1644):

  • Began on June 1st
  • Cavalier commanders were impatient and wanted to fight
  • Cromwell attacked the undefended left side of the cavaliers
  • Roundheads won the battle
• The Battle of Naseby (1645):

  • Started on 14th June
  • Cavaliers had 8000 men, roundheads had 13000
  • Prince Rupert attacked the roundheads' house men
  • Instead of attacking the roundhead infantry, he attacked the roundhead supply wagons
  • Sir Langdale attacked Cromwell on the right side of the battle

  • the roundheads won