FINALS PMLS2

• Blood bank specimen requirements

  Lavender and Pink Top EDTA
• Criteria for rejection


  • Not exactly labeled
  • Hemolyzed
  • Contains IV fluid
  • Collected longer than 72 hours before
• Blood Typing


  Determines a patient's blood type (ABO) and Rh factor (positive or negative)
• Cross-Match


  Screening and collecting blood for transfusion purposes
• Unit


  Blood collected from volunteer doors in amounts
• Donor eligibility - weight

  At least 110 pounds
• Donor eligibility - hemoglobin


  Greater than or equal to 12.5 g/dL
• Donor eligibility - hematocrit


  Greater than or equal to 38%
• Donor must give


  Written Permission
• Needle gauge for donor unit collection

  16 to 18 Gauge
• Vein for donor unit collection

  Antecubital Fossa
• Citrate


  Prevents clotting by chelating calcium
• Phosphate


  Stabilize the pH
• Dextrose


  Provides energy to the cells and helps keep them viable
• Anticoagulants for the blood bag

  • CPD (Citrate-Phosphate-Dextrose)
  • CPDA1 (Plus Adenine)
• Unit typically contains


  Around 450mL of blood
• Autologous Donation


  Process by which a person donates blood for his or her own use
• Minimum time between donation and surgery

  More than 72 hours
• Criteria of autologous donation

  • Written order from a physician
  • Hemoglobin: >11 g/dL
  • Hematocrit: >33%
• Therapeutic Phlebotomy


  Withdrawal of large volumes of blood approximately 500ml procedure is similar to collecting blood from donors
• Polycythemia


  Overproduction of RBC
• Hemochromatosis


  Excess iron deposits in the tissue
• Parentage/Paternity Testing


  Determine the probability that 2 specific individuals have a generic parent child relationship
• Blood Samples


  Most preferred sample for parentage/paternity testing
• Bacteremia


  Bacteria in the blood
• Septicemia


  Microorganisms or their toxins in the blood
• Blood Cultures


  2 to 4 are necessary to optimize the detection of bacteremia and fungemia
• Blood Cultures for acute condition

  1. 3 from different sites for rapid antibiotic administration and FUO
• If negative for 24-48 hours, collect

  2 more cultures from different sites
• "Second-site"


  Blood cultures are most useful when drawn 30-60 mins apart
• Nutrient Broth


  Medium that encourages microorganisms growth used in blood culture bottles
• Blood culture bottles


  • one aerobic and one anaerobic
• If using the syringe system, what bottle is filled first

  Anaerobic Bottle
• If using the butterfly system, what bottle is filled first

  Aerobic Bottle
• Skin Antiseptic


  Destruction of microorganisms on the skin
• Collection sites require


  30 to 60 seconds to friction scrub
• 3 antiseptics


  • Tincture of Iodine
  • Chlorhexidine Gluconate
  • Combination of Povidone-70% ethyl alcohol
• Motion of swab


  Inner to Outer
• Diameter


  2.5 inches
• Hematocrit


  Measure of the volume of RBCs in a patient's blood