chemical changes

• acid plus base equals?

  salt and water
• ionic equation for neutralisations

  (H+)aq + (OH-)aq equals (H2O)l
• what indicator is used for titrations

  phenolphthalein
• strong acids

  • ionise fully in water
• weak acids

  • dont ionise fully in water
• acid plus metal oxide equals?

  salt and water
• acid plus metal hydroxide equals?

  salt and water
• acid plus metal carbonate equals?

  salt plus water plus carbon dioxide
• what is the order of the reactivity series?

  potassium

  sodium

  lithium

  calcium

  magnesium

  carbon

  zinc

  iron

  hydrogen

  copper
• acid plus metal equals?

  salt and hydrogen
• metal plus water?


  metal hydroxide and hydrogen
• oxidation is...


  loss of electrons
• reduction is...


  gain of electrons
• how can metals be extracted from their ores

  reduction
• which metals can be extracted by reduction using carbon

  metals below carbon in the reactivity series
• what is a redox reaction

  reduction and oxidation happen at the same time
• a more reactive metal will do what is a redox reaction?

  replace the less reactive metal
• metals in electrolysis move towards which electrode

  the cathode because the positive ion formed is attracted to the negative cathode
• non metals in electrolysis move towards which electrode

  the anode becuase the negative ion formed is attracted to the poistive anode
• why does the anode need to be replaces frequently

  the carbon electode reacts with the oxygen to make CO2 meaning its worn away quickly becuase its being reacted away
• duering electrolysis of aqueous solutions, what is produced at the cathode

  hydrogen unless the metal is less reactive
• during electrolsis of aquesous solutions, what is produced at the anode

  oxygen unless its a halide