para

• Symbiosis


  Living together of unlike organisms
• Commensalism


  2 species live together, One species benefits from the relationship w/o harming or benefiting the other
• Mutualism


  2 organisms benefit from each other
• Parasitism


  1 organism lives in or on another for its survival at the expense of the host
• Endoparasite


  Lives inside the body of the host."Infection"
• Ectoparasite


  Lives outside the body of the host"Infestation"
• Erratic Parasite


  Found in an organ which is not its usual habitat
• Obligate parasite


  Need a host to complete their development
• Facultative parasite


  May exist in a free-living state. May become parasitic when the need arises
• Accidental/incidental parasite


  Parasite that established itself in a host where it does not ordinarily live
• Permanent parasite


  Remains on or in the body of the host for its entire life
• Temporary parasite


  Lives on the host only for a short period of time
• Spurious parasite


  Free-living organism. Passes through the digestive tract w/o infecting the host
• Definitive/final host


  Parasite attains sexual maturity
• Intermediate host


  Harbors the asexual/larval stage of the parasite
• Paratenic host


  One in which the parasite does not develop further to later stages. Parasite remains alive and is able to infect another host
• Reservoir host


  Allows the parasite's life cycle to continue and become additional sources of infection
• Biologic vector


  Transmits the parasite only after the the latter has completed its development within the host
• Mechanical/phoretic vector


  Only transports the parasites
• Epidemiology


  Study of patterns, distribution and occurrence of disease
• Incidence


  Number of new cases of infection in a given period of time
• Prevalence (%)


  Number of individuals estimated to be infected w/ a particular parasite
• Cumulative prevalence


  % of individuals in a population infected w/ at least 1 parasite
• Intensity of infection (Worm burden)


  Number of worms per infected person
• Morbidity


  Clinical consequences of infections or diseases that affect an individual's wellbeing
• Deworming


  Use of antihelminthic drugs in an individual
• Cure rate (%)


  Number of previously positive subjects found to be egg-negative
• Egg reduction rate


  % fall in egg counts after deworming
• Selective treatment


  Individual-level deworming
• Targeted treatment


  Group-level deworming
• Universal treatment


  Population level deworming
• Coverage


  Proportion of the target population reached by an intervention
• Efficacy


  Effect of a drug against an infective agent
• Effectiveness


  Measure of the effect of a drug against an infective agent
• Information-education-communication


  A health education strategy that aims to encourage people to adapt and maintain healthy life practices
• Environmental management


  Planning, organization, performance, and monitoring of activities for the modification and/or manipulation of environmental factors
• Environmental sanitation


  Interventions to reduce environmental health risks
• Sanitation


  Provision of access to adequate facilities for the safe disposal of human excreta
• Eradication


  Permanent reduction to zero of the incidence of infection caused by a specific agent, as a result of deliberate efforts
• Elimination


  Reduction to zero of the incidence of a specified disease in a defined geographic area as a result of deliberate efforts