WW1

• Trench Warfare - soldiers dug trenches to protect themselves from enemy fire
• The war was fought on land, sea and air
• Reasons that lead to the end of war?

  * Armistice - treaty to end war

  * US joined war - more soldiers, weapons and supplies

  * Central powers started to leave war

  * Germany was loosing - loss of life, money and support
• 3 things that went wrong in the Gallipoli compaigne:


  * Landed in the wrong place

  * Turkey was aware they were coming

  * Breach was rocky

  * Terrain was hard to navigate

  * Turkish soldiers had high ground

  * Reverted back to trench
• What is the significance of 'Lest We Forget'?

  * As time goes on it is importsnt we don't forget impoerant events that happened in history to ensure it doesn't happen again. Keep the legent alive

  * Appreciate that we still have soldiers and defence pronnel sacraficing and serving in current wars
• What was the name of the 2 fronts of the War?

  Eastern Front and Western Front
• Who faught against who in the Eastern Front?

  Russia against Germany and Austria- Hungary
• Who faught agains't who in the Western Front?

  France, Britain and Belgium against Germany
• Communications?


  * Developed appliances like phones and radios

  * Animals like dogs and pigeons were used
• What were the pros and cons of communication?

  Pros: Allowed communication of instructions with different areas of the army to make quick decisions

  Cons: Radios were hard to carry and could be damaged by artillery
• When and where was the treaty of Versailles signed?

  Singed at the 28th June 1919 in Hall of Mirrors in Versailles, France
• Who was blamed for the war?

  Germany was blamed and had to pay dept
• Describe attacking from the trenches?

  * Most attacks came at night

  * Soldiers were high alert looking for raiding parties

  * Raiding party, if detected, became easy targets
• What was the result of trenches?


  As a result, neither side gaines much territory during the war (stalemate)
• What is No-man's land?

  * Land that seperated the two trenches and allies.

  * Who ever got to the wall couldn't go back to safety
• Describe the German treches?

  was a wasteland of craters, blackbones tree stumps and occasional shell of building
• What is a trench?

  A long narrow ditch dug into the ground or built up with sand and bags. Trench walfare was how most of the war faught, especially in the Western Front
• Why did Australia join the War?

  * Australia was part of the British Empire

  * Soldiers were excited to be soldiers; they did not know how bad war is. They wanted to be heroes

  * Australia wanted to rpove itself as a strong country

  * Wanted to be loyal to Btriatin

  * Money

  * Though war to be short
• What is the schlieffen plan?

  * A German plan made almost 20 years ago

  * In case of war, this plan said that Germany would invade France quickly in 6 weeks through Belgium and then focus on war on Russia
• Where was Gallipoli? Why did Britain want to take it? When?

  * Turkey

  * For Britain and France to be able to get supplies to their ally Russia by way of the Black Sea

  * 25th April 1915
• How long did WW1 go for? When did it exactly start and finish?

  *1914 - 1918

  *28th June 1914 - 11th November 1918 11:00am
• What was the most successful part of the Gallipoli campaign and why?

  * Withdrawal of troops no lives were lost during withdrawal.
• What American ship was sunk by German U-boats? What are U- boats?

  *Lusitania

  *Submarines
• Who was assassinated at the start of the war, an event to be named the catalyst of war? Why? By who?

  Why did Britain want to take it?

  *Arch Duke Franz Ferdinand of Austria- Hungary

  *He was the heir of Austria- Hungary ruler. It controlled Bosnia, which Serbia wanted to take.

  *By the Black Hand, Gavrila Princip
• What were conditions like in the trenches?

  * Cold, Wet, Muddy, Disease, Sleep standing up, Dirty, Dusty, Hot, Flies, Cramped.
• What were the Two Alliances


  *Triple Entente - Russia, France, Britain

  *Triple Alliance - Germany, Italy, Austria - Hungary
• What is a trench Warfare?


  *During WW1, trenches were cut through battlefield fronts in Europe to protect troops from deadly artillery and machine - gun life.

  * Firing trenches were backed by cover trenches, providing a second line of defense in case enemies over ran the firing trench.

  *Off - duty troops lived in dugouts in the support trenches
• Fixed Trench Warfare?


  *WW1 was the first war that had trench warfare accepted as a method of fighting.

  *Were built up to protect defenders.

  *Built up from the ground using sand bags in wet areas.

  *The German trenches were better than other countries.
• Tanks?


  *Introduced by British people

  *Very big and effectful

  Pros: Overcomes barbed wire and trenches

  Cons: Crews inside have to endure very hot weather and loud noises, might stop working and become hard to move.
• Aircraft?


  *Zeppelins: Planes with weapons

  Pros: Could fly high and silently

  Cons: Poor aim, easily swooshed by the wind.
• Important Dates


  *28th June 1914 - Assassination of Franz Ferdinand

  *25th April 1915 - Landing of ANZAC in Gallipoli

  *7th April 1917 - U.S joined War

  *11th November 1918 - 'Armistice' signed end of war

  *28th June 1919 - 'Versailles' signed
• What is the significance of ANZAC Day?

  * It is the day that soldiers landed in Gallipoli and the first military action involving Australia and New Zealand soldiers

  * We remember soldiers who lost their lives for us though their bravery and courage.(ANZAC Values).
• Gas


  * It was introduced by the Germans

  * 3 types - mustard, tear, and poisonous gas

  * It had devastating results
• Why is it important we commemorate ANZAC and Remembrance Day?

  * To remember the soldiers who served or are currently serving our country

  * To remember those who lost their lives in war

  * To learn from our history
• Why was WW1 considered to be the first modern war?

  * It was the first war where advanced machinery was used, there was chemical warfare, machine guns, new aircrafts and tanks were widley used
• Ways the war impacted Australian Women:


  * Most jobs done by men had to be taken over by women

  * There was a generation of men lost to war

  * Lots of women joined the military to be nurses and help the injured men

  * Employment rates grew for women
• M.A.I.N. and its relevance to war

  * Militarism - The building up of military forces (creating large armies).

  * Alliances - Countries creating a truce between themselves and agreeing to help and support each other.

  * Imperialism - The policy of a country expanding its empire and territory.

  * Nationalism - Having pride in one's country
• What is Propaganda?


  * FALSE ADVERTISMENT

  * Information from the government to the public of a false or misleading nature.

  * Used to influence a group of people into a certain way of thinking or acting for a political agenda.
• What is the purpose of trenches?

  * Trench Warfare allowed for more defensive strategies to be utilized throughout the war.

  * They were mostly used for more defensive plans rather that attack.
• Guns and Artillery:


  * They were majorly improved in WW1

  * Facing a single machine gun was like 250 soldiers with rifles

  * Had devastating results

  * Strong and useful

  * Very heavy and hard to move