Chapter 9

• Escape: trying to get out of the situation
• Avoidance: dealing with the stimulus (not escaping)
• Two process theory of avoidance: a result of both operant conditioning, and classical conditioning (classical something being paired with stimulus) (operate, reducing the fear)
• One Process theory of Aviodance: Act of avoidance is negatively reinforced by a lower rate of aversive stimulation.
• OSC: Repetitive thoughts impulsees or images, to lower anxiety you preform a task
• Punishments: weakening of behaviour thought aversive stimulus
• Response cost: taking away a positive thing because of behaviour
• Time out: loss of any positive reinforcement for a period of time following a problem behavior
• Primary punisher: event that is punishing (needle in your skin)
• Secondary punisher: a punishment because of past events (doctors with a needle, so doctors are scary)
• Generalized punisher: the event that is punished because of past association with other punishment, (a mean look from someone)
• Conditioned suppression theory: when punished, you are stopped but not taught
• Avoidance theory of Punishment: punishment is a type of avoidance conditioning where the avoidance response is any behavior other than behavior being punished
• Noncontingent Punishment: you can never do enough to get what you want
• Learned Helplessness: The tendency to give up when faced with a difficult task because of the belief that it is impossible to succeed
• Messermans experimental Neurosis: due to unpredictable aversive events leads them to neurotic like symptoms
• Behavioral contrast: behavior gets worst in one space, but in another (where it is treated) it slows or stops