Coasts

• ROCKFALLS- fragments of rock broken down by chemical weathering break off a cliff face
• LANDSLIDES- blocks of rock slide along bedding planes
• SLUMPING- heavy saturated soil suddenly slips in rotational movement
• CONSTRUCTIVE WAVES- strong swash, weak backwash, less frequent, deposit material, long gently sloping beaches
• DESTRUCTIVE WAVES- weak swash, strong backwash, more frequent, erodes material, steep beaches
• HYDRAULIC ACTION - force of water hitting cliff, waves compress air into rock, forcing it apart
• ABRASION - waves throw sand, rocks and pebbles at beach
• SOLUTION - slightly acidic seawater dissolves cliff face
• ATTRITION - rocks hitting into another, they become smaller and rounder
• CASE STUDY - Swanage Bay, Old Harry Rocks, a stack off of a chalk headland near Swanage, also caves + arches
• HARD ENGINEERING: sea walls, groynes, rock armour, gabiens
• SOFT ENGINEERING: beach nourishment and reprofiling, dune regeneration