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Unit 3 - Anatomy and Physiology
B3- The structure, function and disorders respiratory system
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Cards (24)
Outline the Function of the Trachea
part of the
airway
taking air down to back up from the
lungs
a tube allowing
ventilation
of
the
lungs
Outline the Function of the
Alveoli
Site of
gas exchange
,
oxygen
diffuses into the
blood. carbon dioxide
diffuse out of the
blood
Part of lungs/
air
sacs
allowing
oxygenation
of the blood
Explain the Role of Ciliated Epithelial tissue in the Respiratory System
Prevent
infection
by removing
bacteria
trapped in
mucus
out the
respiratory
system
Two effects of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disorder
Breathlessness
- causing
poor mobility
Thick mucus
- blocking
airways
One way the lungs are adapted for effective gas exchange
The lungs have a
large surface area
(1)
which allows a lot of
diffusion
of
gases
to occur (1)
Two symptoms of chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder
Increasing breathlessness
(1) cause by a damage to the
alveoli
(1)
Persistent wheezing
(1) caused by the build-up of
mucus
(1)
Describe how alveoli is adapted to its function
Alveoli are small
air sacs
(1)
Gas exchange
(1)
Have a
larger surface area
(1)
Thin membrane
(1)
Role of air passage in the nose
Transfer air to the
respiratory system
Explain
how respiratory muscles allow ventilation of the lungs
The intercostal muscles contract,
lifting the ribcage
increasing the volume of thorax,
causing inhalation
Effect
of smoking on the body
systems
Tar
prevents cilia moving - leading to
infections
Can cause
chronic obstructive pulmonary
disorder
Increased chance of
cardiovascular
disease
Increased risk of
cancer
of the
lungs
Increases chance of
bronchitis
Cancer can affect
nose
,
mouth
Carbon Monoxide decreases the efficiency of
blood
to carry
oxygen
Can
exacerbate
asmtha
Function of Diaphragm
Increase
the volume of the chest, by
contracting
Function of Intercostal muscles
Reduces
the pressure in the chest, by lifting the
ribs
Explain
how asthma affects someones ability to breathe
Asthma
causes the
upper air passages
to constrict
The
volume
of the
lungs
is not affected
It is harder to get
air
in and out the
lungs
The
peak flow
is the reduced ability to get
oxygen
in the lungs
The
constricted
airways causing
wheezing
Role of Air Passages in Nose
Transfer air into the
respiratory system
Filtering
out air to prevent
infection
Outline the Function of Trachea
Part of the
airway
,
that takes air down to the
lungs
Outline the Function of
Bronchi
..
Role of Ciliated Epithelial Tissue in Respiratory
Prevent
infection
By removing
bacteria
Trapped in the
mucus
Out of the
respiratory
system
Role of Intercostal muscles in inhalation
Lifts
the
ribs
Increasing
the volume of the
lungs
Role of Diaphragm in Exhalation
Relaxes
Reducing
the volume of the
chest cavity
Effects of breathing rate regulated
Receptors detect
oxygen
levels
Receptors in lungs detect the amount of
inflation
The
voluntary
nervous system can control the breathing rate
an
override
the
respiratory
system
What is
Diffusion
?
Diffusion
is the process whereby
gases
move from an area of high pressure to low pressure.
Role of Diffusion in Respiratory System
Internal respiration
- this is the movement in the
internal
tissues between cells and capillaries
External respiration
- when gas is exchanged between the alveoli and
lung capillaries.
Pneunomia
..
Describe how asthma attacks body systems
Asthma is the
narrowing
of upper respiratory system
It is caused by a reduction of
oxygen
levels and an increase in
carbon dioxide
as effective ventilation is prevented by the narrow airways.
Respiratory -
wheezing
, coughing,
tight chest
- these may develop to constant and severe
Circulatory -
rapid heartbeat
Nervous -
drowsiness
,
confusion