B3- The structure, function and disorders respiratory system

Cards (24)

  • Outline the Function of the Trachea
    • part of the airway taking air down to back up from the lungs
    • a tube allowing ventilation of the lungs
  • Outline the Function of the Alveoli
    • Site of gas exchange, oxygen diffuses into the blood. carbon dioxide diffuse out of the blood
    • Part of lungs/ air sacs allowing oxygenation of the blood
  • Explain the Role of Ciliated Epithelial tissue in the Respiratory System
    • Prevent infection by removing bacteria trapped in mucus out the respiratory system
  • Two effects of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disorder
    • Breathlessness - causing poor mobility
    • Thick mucus - blocking airways
  • One way the lungs are adapted for effective gas exchange
    The lungs have a large surface area (1)
    which allows a lot of diffusion of gases to occur (1)
  • Two symptoms of chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder
    • Increasing breathlessness (1) cause by a damage to the alveoli (1) 
    • Persistent wheezing (1) caused by the build-up of mucus (1) 
  • Describe how alveoli is adapted to its function
    Alveoli are small air sacs (1)
    Gas exchange (1)
    Have a larger surface area (1)
    Thin membrane (1)
  • Role of air passage in the nose
    • Transfer air to the respiratory system
  • Explain how respiratory muscles allow ventilation of the lungs
    • The intercostal muscles contract,
    • lifting the ribcage
    • increasing the volume of thorax,
    • causing inhalation
  • Effect of smoking on the body systems
    • Tar prevents cilia moving - leading to infections
    • Can cause chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder
    • Increased chance of cardiovascular disease
    • Increased risk of cancer of the lungs
    • Increases chance of bronchitis
    • Cancer can affect nose, mouth
    • Carbon Monoxide decreases the efficiency of blood to carry oxygen
    • Can exacerbate asmtha
  • Function of Diaphragm
    • Increase the volume of the chest, by contracting
  • Function of Intercostal muscles
    • Reduces the pressure in the chest, by lifting the ribs
  • Explain how asthma affects someones ability to breathe
    • Asthma causes the upper air passages to constrict
    • The volume of the lungs is not affected
    • It is harder to get air in and out the lungs
    • The peak flow is the reduced ability to get oxygen in the lungs
    • The constricted airways causing wheezing
  • Role of Air Passages in Nose
    • Transfer air into the respiratory system
    • Filtering out air to prevent infection
  • Outline the Function of Trachea
    • Part of the airway,
    • that takes air down to the lungs
  • Outline the Function of Bronchi
    ..
  • Role of Ciliated Epithelial Tissue in Respiratory
    • Prevent infection
    • By removing bacteria
    • Trapped in the mucus
    • Out of the respiratory system
  • Role of Intercostal muscles in inhalation
    • Lifts the ribs
    • Increasing the volume of the lungs
  • Role of Diaphragm in Exhalation
    • Relaxes
    • Reducing the volume of the chest cavity
  • Effects of breathing rate regulated
    • Receptors detect oxygen levels
    • Receptors in lungs detect the amount of inflation
    • The voluntary nervous system can control the breathing rate
    • an override the respiratory system
  • What is Diffusion?
    • Diffusion is the process whereby gases move from an area of high pressure to low pressure.
  • Role of Diffusion in Respiratory System
    • Internal respiration - this is the movement in the internal tissues between cells and capillaries
    • External respiration - when gas is exchanged between the alveoli and lung capillaries.
  • Pneunomia
    ..
  • Describe how asthma attacks body systems
    • Asthma is the narrowing of upper respiratory system
    • It is caused by a reduction of oxygen levels and an increase in carbon dioxide as effective ventilation is prevented by the narrow airways.
    • Respiratory - wheezing, coughing, tight chest - these may develop to constant and severe
    • Circulatory - rapid heartbeat
    • Nervous - drowsiness, confusion