BACTERIAL MORPHOLOGY AND TYPES

Cards (28)

  • Logos
    The Study of
  • Two domains of prokaryotic organisms
    • Bacteria
    • Archaea
  • Three phenotypic categories of Bacteria
    • Gram negative and have a cell wall
    • Gram positive and have a cell wall
    • Those that lack cell wall
  • Characteristics of Bacteria and Archaea
    • Cell shape & morphological arrangements
    • Staining reactions
    • Motility
    • Colony morphology
    • Atmospheric requirements
    • Nutritional requirements
    • Biochem & Metabolic activities
    • Specific enzymes
    • Pathogenicity
    • Genetic composition
  • Three basic shapes of bacteria
    • Round/Spherical (cocci)
    • Rectangular/Rod-shaped (bacilli)
    • Curved and spiral-shaped (spirilla)
  • Cocci
    Spherical shaped
  • Morphological types of cocci
    • Diplococci
    • Streptococci
    • Staphylococci
    • Tetrads
    • Sarcina
  • Diplococci
    Cocci in pairs; coffee-bean shaped; kidney-bean shape
  • Streptococci
    Cocci in string; Appear in long chains (chain should be longer than 10 cocci)
  • Staphylococci
    Colonies of cocci that are irregular (grape-like); appear in clusters
  • Tetrads
    Groups of 4 organized in the same plane
  • Sarcina
    Eight cocci arranged in cuboidal pattern
  • Bacilli
    Rod or sausage shapes that are Gram (-) except for Sporeformers, Mycobacterium, Corynebacterium, etc
  • Types of bacilli
    • Sporing bacilli
    • Nonsporing bacilli
    • Coccobacilli
  • Sporing bacilli
    There is an endospore or a spore inside the bacteria
  • Nonsporing bacilli
    Diplobacilli (pair)
  • Coccobacilli
    Bacilli in short rods or ovals; "plump-shaped"
  • Types of nonsporing bacilli
    • Nonsporing snapping diplobacilli
    • Nonsporing slipping diplobacilli
  • Nonsporing slipping diplobacilli
    Parallel, side by side
  • Spiral
    Gram (-) microorganisms, stain used is usually DILUTE CARBOLFUCHSIN
  • Types of spiral bacteria
    • Vibrio
    • Spirochetes
    • Spirillum
  • Vibrio
    Curve rod-shaped, comma shaped
  • Spirochetes
    Spiral/helical. Jump long axis that bends when in motion
  • Spirillum
    Long axis remains rigid when in motion; rigid in motion, bird in flight, sometimes in "n" or "r" form
  • All cocci are GRAM (+) except Neisseria SP. (N. gonorrheae)
  • All Bacilli are GRAM (-) EXCEPT Bacillus SP. & Mycobacterium SP.
  • Gram positive
    When viewed under the microscope, it appears violet in color
  • Gram negative
    When viewed under the microscope, it appears read in color