IMF + World Bank

• The IMF was established on December 27, 1945, as part of the Bretton Woods system.
• International Monetary Fund
• IMF :tracks economic events + issues short term loans
• IMF:

  give advice to improve economies
• IMF: 2008 Greece received the first in a series of IMF loans when its foreign currency earnings were insufficient to pay its existing debt obligations.
• IMF: Since 1945 the IMF has worked to promote global economic and financial stability, and encourage more open economies.
• IMF: supported Brazil in 2002 to obtain loans in order to avoid debt
• IMF:

  harsh conditions for loans
• IMF :

  forces countries to reduce borrowing and cut taxes
• IMF : supported Mexico in repaying debts
• WHO: aim to end extreme poverty at below 3%
• WHO: promote shared prosperity by increasing incomes of poorest 40%
• WHO: 189 members
• WHO: funded covid vaccine support
• WHO: funded 12,000 development projects
• WHO: helped improve resilience of road network in Haiti and to train labourers following 2010 disaster
• WHO: 2014 - $470 million loan to the Philippines for a poverty reduction programme + $70 million grant to the Democratic Republic of Congo for the Inga 3 mega-dam HEP project
• WHO: 2010 China loaned $110 billion - more than the World Bank