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Word equation for photosynthesis:
carbon
dioxide
+
water
--->
glucose
+
oxygen
Photosynthesis takes place in
chloroplasts
- they contain
chlorophyll
that absorb light
Uses of glucose in plants:
For
respiration
Making
cellulose
Making
amino acids
Stored as
oils
or
fats
Stored as
starch
Factors that affect the rate of photosynthesis:
Light
intensity
Concentration
of CO2
Temperature
Limiting
factors affect the rate of photosynthesis
Inverse square law
:
light intensity ∝ 1/distance^2
Respiration is the process of
transferring
energy
from glucose, which goes on in every cell.
All living things
respire.
It's how they transfer
energy
from their food to their cells.
Uses of energy transferred by respiration:
To build up larger
molecules
from smaller ones
In animals, it's used to allow the
muscles
to
contract
In mammals and birds, it helps to keep their body
temperature
regulated
In cells, there are lots of chemical reactions happening all the time which are controlled by
enzymes.
Metabolism is all the
chemical
reactions in an
organism.
There are two types of respiration:
Aerobic
Anaerobic
Aerobic
respiration is respiration involving oxygen.
Most of the reactions in aerobic respiration happen inside
mitochondria.
Word equation for
aerobic
respiration:
glucose + oxygen ---> carbon dioxide + water
Anerobic means without
oxygen.
It's the complete breakdown of
glucose
, making
lactic
acid.
Word equation for anaerobic respiration (muscle cells):
glucose --->
lactic
acid
Plant
and
yeast
cells can respire without oxygen too, but they produce
ethanol
and
carbon
dioxide
instead off lactic acid. This is called
fermentation.
Word equation for anaerobic respiration (plant and yeast cells):
glucose --->
ethanol
+
carbon
dioxide
Exercise causes you to
respire
more.
Anaerobic respiration leads to an
oxygen
debt.