Paper one

• Energy Stores

  • Magnetic (M)
  • Thermal (T)
  • Chemical (C)
  • Kinetic (K)
  • Electrostatic (E)
  • Elastic potential (EP)
  • Gravitational (G)
  • Nuclear (N)
• The Energy transfers

  • Heating (H)
  • Electrically (E)
  • Radiation (R)
  • Mechanical (M)
• Kinetic energy

  0.5 x Mass (kg) x Speed (squared)
• Gravitational Potential

  • The GPE of an object increases as it moves upwards because work is done on it to overcome the force of gravity. It then decreases as it falls.

  GPE = Mass (kg) x gravitational field strength x change in height (m)
• Elastic Potential Energy

  0.5 x spring constant (k) x extension (squared)
• Work Done 


  When an object is moved by force, work is done.

  Work Done (J) = Force (N) x Distance (M)
• Wasted energy

  Wasted energy is energy that is not useful and is transferred by an undesired pathway. It is eventually transferred to the surroundings which become warmer. As energy dissipates it gets less and less useful.
• Power equation

  Power (W) = energy (J) / time (s)