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Cards (19)
Peripheral Nervous System
Organization of
PNS
Functional Classification of
Neurons
Efferent
, afferent, and interneurons
Efferent
Nervous System
Autonomic
Somatic
Enteric
Afferent
Nervous System
Afferent
and
Efferent
Association
Components of the Peripheral Nervous System
Nerves
Ganglia
Organization of Nerves
Shown in diagrams
Ganglia
Clusters of
neuron
cell bodies outside the
central
nervous system
Functional Classes of Neurons
Efferent
Afferent
Interneurons
Functional Organization of the Peripheral Nervous System
1.
Efferent
Division
2.
Autonomic
Nervous System
3.
Somatic
Nervous System
Autonomic Nervous
System
Exceptions to the general rule of
dual reciprocal
innervation
by the two branches (
arterioles
,
veins
,
sweat glands
,
salivary glands
)
Structures innervated by the
Autonomic
and
Sympathetic
Nervous Systems
Eye
Nasal
mucosa
Liver
Gall
bladder
Pancreas
Adrenal
gland
Kidney
Small
intestine
Colon
Rectum
Urinary
bladder
Genitalia
Lung
Heart
Salivary
glands
Trachea
Lacrimal
gland
Stomach
Spleen
Sympathetic Nervous System
Fibers originate in
thoracic
and
lumbar
regions of spinal cord
Most
preganglionic
fibers are
short
Long
postganglionic
fibers
Preganglionic fibers
release
acetylcholine
(Ach)
Most
postganglionic fibers
release
noradrenaline
(norepinephrine)
Parasympathetic Nervous System
Fibers originate from
cranial
and
sacral
areas of CNS
Preganglionic
fibers are
longer
Very short
postganglionic
fibers
Preganglionic
fibers release
acetylcholine
(Ach)
Postganglionic
fibers release
acetylcholine
Adrenal Medulla
Part of the
sympathetic nervous system
that releases
epinephrine
and
norepinephrine
into the
bloodstream
Autonomic Neurotransmitter Receptors
Cholinergic
Receptors (
Nicotinic
,
Muscarinic
)
Adrenergic
Receptors (
Alpha
,
Beta
)
Cholinergic Receptors
Nicotinic
receptors found on
postganglionic cell bodies
of all autonomic ganglia,
Muscarinic
receptors found on
effector cell membranes
Adrenergic Receptors
G
protein coupled mechanism,
Alpha
(α) and
Beta
(β) receptors
Autonomic Agonists and Antagonists
Atropine
(binds to muscarinic receptors only)
Salbutamol
(activates β2-adrenergic receptors)
Metoprolol
(blocks β1-adrenergic receptors)
Neuromuscular Junctions
Where
motor
neurons connect to
muscle
fibers
Poliovirus
and
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)
are clinical conditions related to the
neuromuscular junction
Divisions
of the Afferent Nervous System
Visceral
Afferent
Sensory
Afferent
Cranial Nerves
Olfactory
nerve
Optic
nerve
Oculomotor
nerve
Trochlear
nerve
Trigeminal
nerve
Abducens
nerve
Facial
nerve
Vestibulocochelar
nerve
Glossopharyngeal
nerve
Vagus
nerve
Accessory
nerve
Hypoglossal
nerve