Aquatics 4.1

• Water quality factors


  • PM
  • Water noudness
  • Temperature
  • Ammonia
• Stresses


  • Nutrient initiative
  • Aggression
  • Spreading
  • Pathogens
• Pathogens


  • Bacteria
  • Protozoa
  • Fungi
  • Nematode
  • Digenea/Monogenea
• Costia


  • Parasite that may cover entire fish or may merely affect certain patches
  • Infection level is dependent on the strength of the fish's immune system
  • Once costia reaches the gills the fish is in greatest jeopardy
  • In small levels the fish can live with no ill effects
• Trichodina


  • Saucer-shaped parasite that attacks fish skin and gills
  • Typical signs are skin damage, respiratory distress, loss of appetite, and loss of scales
• Ichthyophthirius


  • Also known as white spot disease or ick
  • Affects a variety of freshwater fish
  • Caused by the ciliated protozoan Ichthyophthirius multifilis
  • One of the most common diseases encountered in tropical fish aquariums
• Camallanus


  Small parasites that burrow into the fish's digestive tract to feed on blood, causing wasting and eventual death if left untreated