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• Text


  A simple and flexible format of presenting information or conveying ideas whether hand-written, printed or displayed on-screen
• Text


  • It is very powerful in disseminating information, providing direction and giving suggestions
• Sources of text


  • Formal (news articles, published books, newspapers, magazines, advertisements, research works, etc.)
  • Informal (blogs, personal e-mails, SMS or text messages, online messengers, social media platforms, etc.)
• Formal text-based materials


  Created and distributed by established institutions (such as publishing companies, news agencies, etc.) and go through a rigorous process of editing or evaluation and are usually governed by censorship of the state
• Informal text-based materials


  Come from personal opinions or views on different issues, processes, etc.
• Text


  Can be as short as a single sentence or phrase, or as lengthy as news articles or investigative reporting
• Text is always carefully written with the intent of sending a very specific message to the target audience
• Media and information design framework for producers

  • Target audience
  • Author or sender
  • Key content
  • Purpose
  • Form/style
  • Format
• Typeface (also called font, font type, or type)


  The representation or style of a text in the digital format, usually comprised of alphabets, numbers, punctuation marks, symbols and other special characters
• Typeface file formats

  • True Type Font (.ttf)
  • Open Type Font (.otf)
• In the absence of images or drawings, text is the easiest way of communicating to your audience
• The use of various font types can express different emotions or meaning
• Design principles for text elements

  • Emphasis
  • Appropriateness
  • Proximity
  • Alignment
  • Organization
  • Repetition
  • Contrast
• Emphasis


  The importance or value given to a part of the text-based content, can be achieved by making the text bold, italicized, have a heavier weight, darkened or lightened, or enlarged
• Appropriateness


  How fitting or suitable the text is used for a specific audience, purpose or event, including selection criteria (tone, style, purpose, clarity) and choice of typefaces
• Proximity


  How near or how far the text elements are from each other, with closely related elements placed close together and unrelated elements placed far apart
• Alignment


  How the text is positioned in the page, such as left, right, center or justified
• Organization


  A conscious effort to organize the different text elements in a page, such as creating a framework or compartments to place the elements
• Repetition


  Consistency of elements and the unity of the entire design, achieved by repeating some typefaces within the page
• Contrast


  Creating visual interest to text elements by making two elements different from each other, such as large font with small font, serif and sans serif, thin and thick elements, cool and warm colors