Chap 4

• Definitions


  • family
  • genus
  • species
  • strain
  • biotype (biovar)
  • serotype (serovar)
• Structural and physiological differences among

  • bacteria
  • fungi
  • mycoplasmas
  • rickettsiae
  • chlamydiae
  • viruses

  
• Taxonomy


  Naming, describing and classifying organisms
• Taxonomy (Linnaean system)


  • Uses a hierarchical model
  • Internationally shared classification systems
  • Each organism placed into more and more inclusive groupings
• Biovar or Biotype


  • A group of strains that have a characteristic biochemical pattern
  • The organisms sharing a specified genotype
• Serovar or Serotype


  A distinct variation within a species of bacteria or virus or among immune cells of different individuals
• Serotype is a serologically distinguishable strain of a microorganism
• Biotype is a group of organisms having same genotype
• Taxonomy of Clinically Relevant Microorganisms