Digestive System

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Arci

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Cards (51)

  • Alimentary canal

    Mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine
  • Accessory digestive organs

    Teeth, tongue, gallbladder, salivary glands, liver, and pancreas
  • Digestive process

    1. Ingestion
    2. Propulsion
    3. Mechanical digestion
    4. Chemical digestion
    5. Absorption
    6. Defecation
  • Peristalsis

    Waves of contraction and relaxation of muscles in the organ walls
  • Peritoneum

    Serous membrane of the abdominal cavity
  • Visceral peritoneum

    Covers external surface of most digestive organs
  • Parietal peritoneum

    Lines the body wall
  • Peritoneal cavity

    Lubricates digestive organs and allows them to slide across one another
  • Mesentery

    Double layer of peritoneum that provides vascular and nerve supplies to the viscera and a means to hold digestive organs in place and store fat
  • Splanchnic circulation

    Arteries and the organs they serve
  • Hepatic portal circulation

    Collects nutrient-rich venous blood from the digestive viscera and delivers it to the liver for metabolic processing and storage
  • Tunics of the alimentary canal
    Mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, serosa
  • Mucosa

    Innermost moist epithelial layer that lines the lumen of the alimentary canal
  • Functions of the mucosa
    • Secretion of mucus, absorption of the end products of digestion, protection against infectious disease
  • Lining epithelium

    Consists of simple columnar epithelium and mucus-secreting goblet cells
  • Lamina propria

    Loose areolar and reticular connective tissue that nourishes the epithelium and absorbs nutrients
  • Muscularis mucosae

    Smooth muscle cells that produce local movements of mucosa
  • Submucosa

    Dense connective tissue containing elastic fibers, blood and lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, and nerves
  • Muscularis externa

    Responsible for segmentation and peristalsis
  • Serosa

    The protective visceral peritoneum, replaced by the fibrous adventitia in the esophagus
  • Lingual frenulum
    Secures the tongue to the floor of the mouth