CC16 & CC17

• What is crude oil?


  A fossil fuel in liquid state formed from microscopic dead plants and animals.
• What is feedstock?


  Raw material used to make other substances.
• What does finite resource mean?


  Something useful that is no longer made or is being made very slowly.
• What is a fossil fuel?


  A fuel formed from the dead remains of organisms over millions of years.
• What is a hydrocarbon?


  A compound containing only hydrogen and carbon.
• What is natural gas?


  A fossil fuel in gas state formed from microscopic dead plants and animals.
• What does non-renewable mean?


  Something that is being used up faster than it is being formed.
• What is a petrochemical?


  A substance made from crude oil.
• What does it mean to condense?


  When a gas turns into a liquid.
• What does it mean to evaporate?


  When a liquid turns into a gas.
• What is a fraction in chemistry?


  A component of a mixture separated by fractional distillation.
• What is fractional distillation?


  A method of separating a mixture of liquids with different boiling points.
• What is a fractionating column?


  A tower in which fractional distillation takes place.
• What does ignite mean?


  To start burning.
• What is viscosity?


  How thick or runny a liquid is.
• What is an alkane?


  A hydrocarbon with all single bonds between carbon atoms.
• What is a general formula in chemistry?


  A formula that represents the composition of any member of an homologous series.
• What is a homologous series?


  A family of compounds with similar chemical properties and gradual variation in physical properties.
• What is a molecular formula?


  A chemical formula that shows the actual number of atoms of each element in a substance.
• What is a structural formula?


  A diagram showing the positions of atoms in a molecule and the bonds between them.
• What is carbon monoxide?


  A poisonous gas produced from carbon burning without enough oxygen.
• What is combustion?


  A chemical reaction in which a compound reacts with oxygen.
• What is complete combustion?


  Combustion of hydrocarbons with enough oxygen to convert all fuel into carbon dioxide and water.
• What is haemoglobin?


  The red, iron-containing pigment found in red blood cells.
• What is incomplete combustion?


  When a substance reacts only partially with oxygen, producing carbon monoxide and soot.
• What is oxidation?


  A reaction in which oxygen is added to a substance; loss of electrons by an atom.
• What is a red blood cell?


  A biconcave disc containing haemoglobin that carries oxygen in the body.
• What is soot?


  A form of carbon produced as fine particles during incomplete combustion.
• What does toxic mean?


  Poisonous.
• What is acid rain?


  Rainwater that is more acidic than usual due to air pollution.
• What is an impurity?


  An unwanted substance found mixed into a useful substance.
• What is an oxide of nitrogen?


  A gaseous compound consisting of nitrogen and oxygen atoms.
• What is a pollutant?


  A substance that harms living organisms when released into the environment.
• What is weathering?


  When rocks are broken up by physical, chemical, or biological processes.
• What is an alkene?


  A hydrocarbon with one or more double bonds between carbon atoms.
• What is a catalyst?


  A substance that speeds up the rate of a reaction without being used up.
• What is cracking in chemistry?


  A chemical reaction in which large alkane molecules are split into smaller alkanes and alkenes.
• What does saturated mean in chemistry?


  A molecule that contains only single bonds between carbon atoms.
• What does unsaturated mean in chemistry?


  A molecule that contains one or more double bonds between carbon atoms.
• What is the atmosphere?


  The layer of gases that surrounds the Earth.