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• Genetic Engineering


  Making changes to DNA in order to change the way living things work
• Genetic Engineering


  • Creates new crops and farm animals
  • Make bacteria that can make medicines
  • Grow human body parts
  • Prevent genetic diseases, change humans
• Genetically Modified Organism (GMO)


  An organism created through genetic engineering
• WHO defines GMO as an "organism, either plant, animal, or microorganism, in which the genetic material (DNA) has been altered in a way that does not occur naturally by mating or natural recombination"
• GMOs in Food and Agricultural Industries

  • Pest resistance
  • Virus resistance
  • Herbicide tolerance
  • Fortification
  • Cosmetic preservation
  • Increase growth rate
• How a GM strawberry is made

  1. Copy flounder's antifreeze gene

  2. Insert into bacteria cell

  3. Infect strawberry cell

  4. Grow GM strawberry plant
• Flounder's antifreeze gene


  Stops it from freezing to death in icy seas
• GM strawberries make a protein which helps them resist frost, they don't contain any other fish genes and do not taste or smell of fish
• GMO food list


  • Tomatoes
  • Corns
  • Bananas
• Tomatoes


  • Genetically modified to travel better so don't have to be picked when green – better tasting!
• Corns


  • Genetically modified to reduce being eaten by insects
• The world may soon be out of bananas due to susceptibility to fungi, viruses and pests
• Golden rice is genetically modified rice that now contains a large amount of A-vitamins
• Beta-carotene


  The element that gives carrots their orange color and is the reason why genetically modified rice is golden
• How golden rice is made

  Implant three new genes: two from daffodils and the third from a bacterium