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Triglycerides and Phospholipids
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Triglycerides
Lipid
containing a
glycerol
molecule and three fatty acid chains
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Phospholipids
Lipid containing a
glycerol
molecule and two fatty acid chains, with a
phosphate
group replacing the third chain
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Formation of triglycerides
1.
Glycerol
bonded with three fatty acids through three separate
condensation
reactions
2. Three
water
molecules removed
3. Three
ester
bonds formed
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Fatty acid chains
Can be
saturated
(all single bonds) or
unsaturated
(at least one double bond)
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Triglycerides
High ratio of
carbon-hydrogen
bonds for
energy
storage
High ratio of hydrogen to
oxygen allows
them to act as a
metabolic
water source
Hydrophobic
and insoluble, allowing for dense
energy
storage
Relatively low mass compared to other tissues
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Emulsion test for lipids
1.
Dissolve
sample in
ethanol
2. Add
distilled water
and
shake
3. Positive result is a
white emulsion
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Phospholipid structure
Hydrophilic
head (phosphate group)
Hydrophobic
tails (fatty acid chains)
Arrange in a
bilayer
in water
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Phospholipids are polar due to the charged
phosphate
group and uncharged
fatty acid
tails
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