SN F3 2.3

•  The Health of the Human Respiratory System

  Definition

  There are various substances in the air that can cause damage to the human respiratory system
• Emphysema

  Cause

  • Cigarette smoke
  • Exposed to chemicals
  • Dust
• Emphysema

  Effect

  • The cell wall of the alveoli is damaged
  • The surface area of ​​the alveoli is reduced
  • Gas exchange is less efficient

  Symptom

  • Difficulty breathing
• Bronchitis

  • Infection by viruses or bacteria
  • Inflamed bronchial tubes with abundant mucus production
  • Symptom
  • Persistent cough
  • Difficulty breathing
  • Pain in the chest
  • Sore throat
• Lung cancer

  • Cigarette smoke
  • Exposed to asbestos
  • Exposure to carcinogens (cancer-causing)
  • Effect
  • Uncontrolled cell division
  • Spreads to every organ of the body such as the liver and bones
  • Symptom
  • Persistent cough
  • Difficulty breathing
  • Coughing blood
• Asthma

  • Substances that cause allergies such as dust and pollen
  • The bronchial tubes become inflamed, swollen and narrow
  • It is difficult for air to enter and exit through the lungs
  • Symptom
  • Cough
  • Difficulty breathing
• Sulphur dioxide

  • Irritates the throat and damages lung tissue
• Nitrogen dioxide

  • Irritates the throat and causes difficulty breathing
• Dust

  Settled on the alveoli and respiratory tract, causing difficulty breathing
• Carbon monoxide

  Competing with oxygen to combine with hemoglobin results in less oxygen content in the blood
• Bacteria and viruses

  • Causes colds, coughs and pneumonia
• Asbestos

  • Asbestos fumes are carcinogenic substances that cause lung cancer
• Pollen

  • Stimulates the respiratory tract of asthmatics and can cause asthma attacks
• Cigarette smoke

  • Tar is a carcinogenic substance that causes lung cancer