LESSON 5 - - USING OF HAND TOOLS

• PUSH-PULL RULE - Is coiled in a case when not in use. The tape, marked by inches and millimeters, is released when used for

  measuring long pieces of stocks or components.
• ZIGZAG or FOLDING RULE - Is made of foldable, riveted, light strips of wood. The riveted strips are expanded when measuring objects or

  distance.
• ZIGZAG or FOLDING RULE - It can be made of plastic, wood, or metal with markings or gradations.
• FOOT RULE - Has 12 inch gradation or measurement that is used for measuring short lengths or distances or pieces of stock.
• METER STICK - Is usually made of a one-meter wood or steel marked off in centimeters and millimeters.
• METER STICK - It is deal for measuring straight distances of stock or

  component.
• VERNIER CALIPER - Is an instrument with two- hinged legs resembling a pair of compasses. It is used for measuring internal or external dimensions that are not accessible to a scale or ruler.
• VERNIER CALIPER - It is also used to take internal and external

  measurements of about .001 of an inch or .02 of a millimeter.
• FOOT RULE - The markings on the ruler indicate 1 mm for each line, while the opposite markings show 1 inch for each line.
• PROTRACTOR - Is a semicircle instrument made of transparent plastic designed for laying out and measuring angles.
• ARCHITECT SCALE or SCALE RULER - Is a specialized measuring tool used to determine the actual dimensions of a distance on a scaled drawing or image.
• Scaling - is the process of increasing and decreasing the size of

  scaled drawing.
• Scaling - is not only used for decreasing the size of an image; it

  can also be used to reproduce and enlarge a drawing.
• 3 Scaling Process or Methods

  > Reproduction or full size

  > Decreasing or reducing scale (quarter or half size)

  > Increasing or enlarging the scale
• Reproduction or full size - Dimension is exactly the same with the

  drawing.
• Decreasing or reducing scale - This is done by simply dividing the first number by the second.
• Increasing or enlarging the scale - Simply multiply the given measurement by the given scale.