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Neurology
Dementia
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Dementia
Chronic deterioration of memory, personality, language skills, perception, reasoning or judgment - with
no LOC
Changes may happen over
weeks
or
years
& can be subtle
Wernicke encephalopathy
presents with dementia
Caused by vitamin B deficiency - occurs in pt who are chronically malnourished (ex. chronic alcoholism)
Presentation: Atacia, confusion, agitation, nystagmus, generalized weakness, foot drop, peripheral neuropathy
Alzheimer disease
Most common form of
dementia
Progressive
,
organic
condition in which neurons die
Cause: gradual buildup of plaques within
brain
, eventual dec. in brain mass - process begins
10-20
yrs before signs apprear
Presentation:
memory
loss
Moderate: dec. in
attention
, judgement,
language
function
Severe: cannot recognize ppl or communicate
Management
Check
BGL
,
O2
Be compassionate
If pt is suspected to be malnourished -
thiamine 100-200mg
IVP before
glucose
is given
If pt is Vitamin B deficient &
glucose
is given, condition may worsen
Monitor
ECG
Pt may have
hypokalemia
,
hypomagnesemia
, & hyponatremia
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