Periodic table

• In terms of electrons - what do all group 1 metals have in common?

  1 electron in the outer shell
• In terms of electrons - what do all group 7 elements have in common?

  7 electrons in the outer shell
• In terms of electrons - what do all group 0 elements have in common?

  Full outer shells
• Which is more reactive - lithium or sodium?

  Sodium
• Which is more reactive - chlorine or bromine?

  Chlorine
• What does 'inert' mean?

  unreactive
• Why are Nobel gases (Group 0) inert?

  They have full outer shells - so they do not need to lose or gain electrons
• What is a trend?

  A pattern in properties and how they change
• What is the trend in the melting point of Group 1 metals?

  It gets lower as you go down the group
• What state is fluorine at room temperature?

  gas
• What state is chlorine at room temperature?

  gas
• What state is bromine at room temperature?

  liquid
• What state is iodine at room temperature?

  solid
• Write a balanced equation for the reaction of lithium with water
• Write a balanced equation for the reaction of potassium with water
• What is the name for LiOH

  lithium hydroxide
• What is the name for KOH

  potassium hydroxide
• Why are Group 1 metals called 'alkali metals'?

  They form an alkali solution when they react with water
• What is a displacement reaction?

  When a more reactive element displaces a less reactive element from its compound.
• Why does iodine NOT react with potassium bromide?

  iodine is less reactive than bromine
• Explain why the following reaction is a displacement reaction:

  Potassium bromide + chlorine = potassium chloride + bromine

  Chlorine is more reactive than bromine so it has displaced it from the potassium bromide
• Why is fluorine more reactive than chlorine?

  Fluorine has fewer electron shells, less shielding, stronger attraction between outer electron and nucleus, can gain electrons more easily
• Why is potassium more reactive than lithium?

  Potassium has more electron shells, more shielding, weaker attraction between outer electron and nucleus, loses electrons more easily
• Why is bromine less reactive than chlorine?

  Bromine has more electron shells, more shielding, weaker attraction between outer electrons and nucleus, does not attract electrons as easily
• Why is sodium less reactive than caesium?

  Sodium has less electron shells, less shielding, stronger attraction between outer electrons and nucleus, does not lose electrons as easily
• Where in the Periodic Table are the transition metals found?

  In the middle
• Compare the melting points, density, strength, hardness and reactivity of transition metals and Group 1 metals.

  Transition metals have higher melting points, density, strength and hardness but they are less reactive
• What is distinctive about the ions formed by transition metals?

  They can form ions with different charges
• What is distinctive about the appearance of transition metal compounds?

  They are coloured
• What are transition metals used for in chemical reactions?

  Catalysts