nano

• Nanotechnology


  The art and science of manipulating matter at the nanoscale
• Nanometer


  A unit of length in the metric system, equal to one billionth of a meter (10-9)
• Technology


  The making, usage, and knowledge of tools, machines and techniques, in order to solve a problem or perform a specific function
• A nanometer is one billionth of a meter, roughly the width of three or four atoms. The average human hair is about 25,000 nanometers wide.
• William Powell: 'Nanotechnology is manufacturing with atoms.'
• Ralph Merkle: 'Nanotechnology will let us build computers that are incredibly powerful. We'll have more power in the volume of a sugar cube than exists in the entire world today.'
• The first ever concept of nanotechnology was presented by Dr. Richard P. Feynman


  1959
• Invention of the scanning tunneling microscope


  1981
• Discovery of fullerenes (C60)


  1985
• The term "Nano-technology" had been coined by Norio Taniguchi


  1974
• Historical milestones in nanotechnology

  • 2000 years ago: Sulfide nanocrystals used by Greeks and Romans to dye hair
  • 1000 years ago (Middle Ages): Gold nanoparticles used to produce different colors in stained glass windows
  • 1974: "Nanotechnology" coined by Norio Taniguchi
  • 1981: IBM develops Scanning Tunneling Microscope
  • 1985: "Bucky Ball" discovered
  • 1991: Carbon nanotube discovered by S. Iijima
• Nanoscale


  Size range between 0.1 and 100 nm
• Nanotechnology is already making today's products lighter, stronger, faster, smaller, and more durable
• Nanoscience


  Where researchers learn about the chemical and physical properties of materials at the 1-100 nanometer (nm) scale
• Nanotechnology


  Where researchers develop and apply materials at the nanoscale to develop new products or methods
• Nanofabrication techniques


  • Top-down nanofabrication
  • Bottom-up nanofabrication
  • Dip pen lithography
  • Self-assembly
  • Chemical vapor deposition
  • Nanoimprint lithography
  • Molecular beam epitaxy
  • Roll-to-roll processing
  • Atomic layer epitaxy
• Possible applications of nanotechnology in the Philippines

  • ICT and semiconductors
  • Health and medicine
  • Energy
  • Food and agriculture
  • Environment
• Government funding for nanotechnology in different countries

  • US National Nanotechnology Initiative
  • European Commission
  • Japan
  • Taiwan
  • India
  • China
  • Israel
  • Australia
  • Canada
  • South Korea
  • Thailand
  • Malaysia