Giardia intestinalis

• What is the only well-studied PATHOGENIC INTESTINAL flagellate?

  Giardia intestinalis
• Giardia intestinalis is also called as what?

  Giardia duodenalis
• What is the 1st name of Giardia intestinalis?

  Cercomonas intestinalis
• What is the 2nd name of Giardia intestinalis?

  Giardia lamblia
• What is the distribution of Giardia intestinalis?

  Cosmopolitan
• Giardia intestinalis has increased cases in what?

  Adult men and children
• Can you describe the shape of Giardia intestinalis?

  Pear or teardrop
• Aside from being pear and teardrop-shaped, Giardia intestinalis is also what?

  Bilaterally symmetrical
• With it being bilaterally symmetrical, Giardia intestinalis is described as what?

  Old man with glasses
• Can you describe the motion of Giardia intestinalis?

  Falling leaf or erratic tumbling motion
• Giardia intestinalis has 2 MEDIAN OR PARABASAL BODIES and 2 AXONEMES OR SUCKING DISK.
• Median or parabasal bodies: metabolism, energy, and support
• Axoneme: structural support
• The trophozoite of Giardia intestinalis' DORSAL SIDE is CONVEX and the VENTRAL SIDE is CONCAVE
• Can you describe the shape of Giardia intestinalis cyst?

  football
• Can you describe the motion of Giardia intestinalis cyst?

  non-motile
• Giardia intestinalis cyst has 4 NUCLEI in MATURE CYSTS and 2 NUCLEI in YOUNG CYSTS
• Giardia intestinalis has how a interior what?

  interior flagella
• Giardia intestinalis' cysts CYTOPLASM retracted from CYST WALL.
• Which form of Giardia intestinalis can survive in cold water or outside environment?

  Cyst
• What process releases trophozoites?

  excystation
• Each cyst produces how many trophozoites?

  2
• Trophozoites multiply by what?

  Longitudinal binary fission
• What is the MOT of Giardia intestinalis?

  Ingestion of food and water contaminated with mature infected cyst
• What is the target organ of Giardia intestinalis?

  Small intestine
• What is the infective stage of Giardia intestinalis?

  Quadrinucleate cyst
• What is the Diagnostic stage of Giardia intestinalis?

  cysts and trophozoites
• What disease is caused by Giardia intestinalis?

  Giardiasis
• In giardiasis, TROPHOZOITES attach their AXONEMES to the mucosa of the duodenum to feed.
• Giardiasis has a VILLOUS flattening and CRYPT HYPERTROPHY
• Signs and symptoms of giardiasis include DECREASED ELECTROLYTE, GLUCOSE, and FLUID ABSORPTION, as well as DISACCHARIDE DEFICIENCY
• What are the 2 types of Giardiasis?

  Acute and Chronic
• Acute giardiasis results to what?

  Diarrhea flatus with rotten egg odor
• Acute giardiasis develops after an incubation of how many days?

  1-14 days
• Acute giardiasis lasts for how many weeks?

  1-3 weeks
• Chronic giardiasis results to what?

  Bloody diarrhea greasy and frothy stools
• What are the 3 other forms of giardiasis?

  gay bowel syndrome, failure-to-thrive syndrome, and traveler's diarrhea
• What is the specimen of choice for Giardia intestinalis?

  Stool
• Stool: higher % of finding CYST
• What are OTHER specimens for Giardia intestinalis?

  Duodenal aspirate