Energy

• Name the 8 energy stores

  Kinetic energy, gravitational potential energy, elastic potential energy, thermal energy, chemical energy, nuclear energy, magnetic energy and electrostatic energy
• Mechanical work - energy transferred due to a force moving an object through a distance or changing it's shape
• We can reduce unwanted energy transfers by lubrication (reduce friction) or thermal insulation.
• Thermal conductivity - how quickly energy is transferred through the metal via thermal conduction.
• To minimise the rate of heat loss, houses will be built using materials with low thermal conductivity.
• Nuclear fission is a non-renewable energy resource.
• Advantages of coal, natural gas and oil:

  • there is enough available currently to meet demand
  • relatively cheap to extract
  • reliable
• Disadvantages of using coal, natural gas and oil:

  • finite resources
  • release carbon dioxide when combusted - contributing to greenhouse effect
  • release other pollutants e.g sulfur dioxide, causing acid rain
  • risk of oil spills damaging aquatic environments
• Advantages of nuclear fission:

  • Enough available to meet demand
  • No pollutant gases
  • Reliable
• Disadvantages of nuclear fission;

  • Nuclear waste is difficult to safely dispose of
  • Nuclear waste is dangerous
  • Nuclear power plants are expensive to build, run and decommission
• Advantages of solar power:

  • Cheap to run after it's installed
  • Produces no pollutant gases
• Disadvantages of solar power:

  • Not reliable
  • Initial installation is expensive
• Advantages of tidal power:

  • Reliable
  • No pollutant gases
  • Can produce large amounts of energy
  • No fuel costs
• Disadvantages of tidal power:

  • Can damage marine habitats
  • Installation is expensive
  • Unable to control supply
• Advantages of hydro-electric power:

  • Cheap to run
  • No fuel costs
  • Reliable
• Disadvantages of hydro-electric power:

  • Initially expensive to build
  • Destroys habitats
• Advantages of wave energy:

  • Cheap to run
  • No fuel costs
  • Produces no pollutant gases
• Disadvantages of wave power:

  • Can damage marine habitats
  • Installation is expensive
  • Unable to control supply
• Advantages of wind energy:

  • Cheap to run
  • No fuel costs
  • No pollutant gases
• Disadvantages of wave power:

  • Unable to control supply
  • Noise pollution
  • Large scale demand a lot of wind turbines, therefore land is required
• Advantages of geothermal energy:

  • Cheap to run
  • No fuel costs
  • No pollutant gases
• Disadvantages of geothermal energy:

  • Installation is expensive
  • Limited locations it can be set up
• Advantages of biofuels:

  • Reliable
  • Supply can be controlled dependant on demand
  • Carbon neutral
• Disadvantages of biofuels:

  • Can lead to deforestation
  • Expensive to produce