Innovations or sum

• Mughal warfare


  • Soldiers on horseback
  • War elephants
  • Use of gunpowder
  • More mobile style than Islamic sultans of northern India
• Babur's military innovations


  • Matchlock musket
  • Cannon
  • Never before used in Hindustan
  • Enabled him to beat Sultan Lodi's force of 100,000 men with only 20,000 of his own at the Battle of Panipat in 1526
• Mughal art and architecture

  • Growth of beautiful art
  • Handwritten books and poetry decorated with patterns, borders and small detailed paintings called miniatures
  • Provided detailed information about the Mughal court and empire
  • Mix of Hindu design and Islamic highly symmetrical, geometric patterns
  • Relied particularly on colour and inlaid precious gems
• The Mughals did not force Central Asian architecture on India, unlike the British who would later build Western style buildings
• Mughal religious policy


  • Allowed Hindus to reach senior government or military positions
  • Non-Muslims were not forced to obey Islamic law until Aurangzeb took power
• The Mughals were Muslims who ruled a country with a large Hindu majority