cellular respiration 3.3

• cellular respiration is the process of breaking down glucose to release energy
• chemical process of respiration is the process that occurs in every cell in the body, to supply each cell with the energy it needs in the form of ATP and heat
• cellular respiration formula 


  glucose + oxygen -> carbon dioxide + water + energy (ATP and heat)
• energy from cellular respiration

  • in the complete breakdown of glucose to carbon dioxide and water, about 60% of the available energy is released as heat
  • 40% of available energy forms ATP
  • ATP is formed when an inorganic phosphate group is joined to a molecule of ADP- adenosine diphosphate
  • some of the energy from cellular respiration is stored in the bond between the ADP molecule and the third phosphate groups, allowing the energy to be released when needed
• heat is continually lost to the environment, resulting is a continuous supply of heat in order to maintain body temperature
• • remaining energy from cellular respiration is used to form ATP, composed of:
  • adenosine (made of the nucleic acid base adenine and sugar ribose
  • 3 phosphate groups
• ATP can be used to transfer energy released in cellular respiration to processes in the cell that require energy
• ADP formed when energy is released can be reused to store some more of the energy from cellular respiration
• total ATP produced is up to 38
• glycolysis happens in the cytoplasm of the cell and produces pyruvate and 2 ATP (no oxygen)
• krebs cycle happens in the mitochondria and produces CO2 and 2 ATP (oxygen required)
• electron transport system happens in the mitochondria and produces H2O and 34 ATP (oxygen required)