skeletal and muscular system

• • Name the 6 functions of the skeletal system
  • Protecting vital organs 
  • Muscle attachment
  • Support 
  • Joints for movement
  • Production of red and white blood cells
  • Storage of calcium and phosphorus
• Define ‘protects vital organs’

  The bones act as cages around important body parts
• Give an example for ‘protects vital organs’

  When a footballer headers the ball the cranium protects the brain
• Define ‘muscle attatchment’ 

  Muscles used in sport need strong point to attatch to 
• Give an example of ‘muscle attatchment’

  The biceps connects to the bone in the arm to allow me to throw a ball
• Functions of the skeletal system

  • Protecting vital organs
  • Muscle attachment
  • Support
  • Joints for movement
  • Production of red and white blood cells
  • Storage of calcium and phosphorus
• Protects vital organs


  The bones act as cages around important body parts
• give an example for Protects vital organs

  • When a footballer headers the ball the cranium protects the brain
• Muscle attachment


  Muscles used in sport need strong point to attach to
• give an example of Muscle attachment

  • The biceps connects to the bone in the arm to allow me to throw a ball
• Joints for movement


  Let the body make a variety of movements, so can generate appropriate force needed for sporting actions
• Joints for movement


  • A basketballer uses the elbow to shoot a shot
• Support


  Take the weight of the whole body
• Support


  • A high jumper uses the ankle to take off on one foot
• Storage of calcium and phosphorus

  Minerals are needed for developing and maintaining strong and healthy bones
• Storage of calcium and phosphorus


  • In boys lacrosse calcium and phosphorus keep the bone strong when they are being hit by a lacrosse stick
• Blood production- red/white blood cells

  Bones allow hollow centres for holding bone marrow. This allows production of red and white blood cells
• Blood production- red/white blood cells


  • A long distance runner needs lots of red and white blood cells so that they can perform at their peak without tiring or getting ill
• Types of bones


  • Long
  • Short
  • Flat
  • Irregular
• Long bones


  • Humerus
  • Metacarpals
  • Metatarsals
  • Phalanges
  • Tibia
  • Fibula
  • Clavicle
  • Radius
  • Ulna
  • Femur
• Short bones


  • Tarsals
  • Carpals
• Flat bones


  • Cranium
  • Scapula
  • Sternum
  • Ribs
  • Pelvis
• Irregular bones


  • Patella
  • Vertebral column
• Short bones


  Weight bearing
• Irregular bones


  Protection, muscle attachment
• Flat bones


  Protection, muscle attachment
• There are 20 bones in the skeleton
• Bones in the skeleton

  • Cranium
  • Scapula
  • Humerus
  • Vertebral column
  • Carpals
  • Metacarpals
  • Phalanges
  • Tibia
  • Fibula
  • Clavicle
  • Sternum
  • Ribs
  • Radius
  • Ulna
  • Pelvis
  • Femur
  • Patella
  • Tarsals
  • Metatarsals
  • Phalanges
• Parts of the vertebral column

  • Cervical
  • Thoracic
  • Lumbar
  • Sacrum
  • Coccyx
• Types of joints


  • Pivot
  • Hinge
  • Ball and socket
  • Condyloid
• Pivot joint


  • Neck - atlas and axis
• Hinge joint


  • Elbow, knee, ankle
• Ball and socket joint


  • Hip, shoulder
• Condyloid joint


  • Wrist
• Types of movement


  • Flexion
  • Extension
  • Abduction
  • Adduction
  • Rotation
  • Circumduction
  • Plantar-flexion
  • Dorsi-flexion
• Flexion


  Bending movement that decreases the angle between body parts
• Flexion


  • Preparing to kick a football
• Extension


  Straightening movement that increase the angle between body parts
• Extension


  • Having just taken a shot in netball
• Abduction


  A movement that pulls away from the midline of the body