excreotyr system

• Kidneys


  • Dark red – bean-shaped
  • Filter waste products, excess ions, and water from the blood to form urine
• Ureters


  Tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder
• Bladder


  Stores urine until it is ready to be excreted from the body
• Urethra


  Tube through which urine passes from the bladder out of the body
• Skin


  • Excretes sweat, which contains water, salts, and some waste products
  • Sweating helps regulate body temperature and eliminate some toxins
• Lungs


  • Remove carbon dioxide, a waste product of cellular respiration, from the body through exhalation
• Urea can be excreted through sweat
• Urea production and excretion

  1. Urea is produced in the liver when proteins are broken down and is released into the bloodstream

  2. Travels to the kidneys, where it is filtered out along with other waste products to form urine
• Nephrons


  • Millions of tiny filtering units in each kidney
  • Blood enters the kidneys through the renal artery and is filtered in the nephrons
  • Essential substances like water and glucose are reabsorbed into the bloodstream, while waste products such as urea remain in the urine
  • The purified blood leaves the kidneys through the renal vein and returns to the heart
  • The waste collected in the nephrons passes through the ureters to the urinary bladder, where it is stored until it is expelled from the body through the urethra during urination
• Excretory system


  • Works closely with the nervous system to regulate the process of urination
  • Nerve signals from the bladder indicate when it is full and needs to be emptied
  • The nervous system also controls the muscles involved in urination, such as the bladder muscle and the urethral sphincters, to ensure that urine is expelled at the appropriate time
  • Works with the circulatory system to remove waste products from the body and maintain proper fluid balance
• Why is it important to get rid of waste products in mammals?
• If carbon dioxide isn't removed by the lungs

  It can lead to a dangerous acidic buildup in the blood, causing rapid breathing, confusion, and even seizures
• A blocked or failing kidney

  Can lead to urine buildup, poisoning the body, causing infections, and raising blood pressure
• Too much water

  Can dilute electrolytes in the blood, leading to muscle cramps, seizures, and potentially even brain swelling