Reading and Writing Week 11

• Critical reading


  Analyzing the claims presented in the text and making judgments on the author's message
• Critical reading requires you to bring your own experience and perspectives to your reading
• Explicit information


  Information directly stated in the text
• Implicit information


  Ideas which you need to infer from the text
• In making inferences, look for clues in the text so you can draw a conclusion based on your reasoning and prior knowledge
• Claim


  The central argument or thesis statement of the writer, what the author is trying to prove
• Types of claims


  • Claim of fact
  • Claim of value
  • Claim of policy
• Claim of fact


  A statement that something exists, which can be proved or disproved
• Claim of fact

  • Computer games improve the logical thinking skills of the gamers
  • Solid-state drives (SSDs) are faster and more reliable than traditional hard disk drives (HDDs) due to their lack of moving parts
  • Playing online games enriches the vocabulary of the gamers
• Claim of value


  A proposition that is judged as good or bad, beneficial or detrimental, justified or unjustified, worthwhile or worthless
• Claim of value


  • The effect of watching rated SPG programs on the minor viewers is bad
  • Euthanasia goes against the sanctity of life. Thus, it is immoral and unethical
• Claim of policy


  A claim that asserts something has to be done as a solution to a particular problem
• Claim of policy


  • A comprehensive educational reform should be implemented to improve the quality of education in the Philippines
  • A more transparent and accountable automated voting system must be implemented to ensure the integrity and credibility of Philippine elections
• Argument


  A set of one or more claims (statements) put forth as evidence and reasons for accepting a conclusion
• Types of support for an argument

  • Reason
  • Evidence
  • Emotional appeal
• Reason


  The use of logical thinking, analysis, and sound judgment to support a claim
• Reason


  • The new policy is reasonable because it addresses the current economic challenges and proposes practical solutions to stimulate growth
• Evidence


  Factual information, data, examples, or expert opinions that are presented to substantiate or validate a claim
• Evidence


  • Studies conducted by reputable institutions consistently show a correlation between regular exercise and improved cardiovascular health, providing strong evidence for the importance of physical activity
• Emotional appeal


  Using language, anecdotes, or narratives to evoke emotions in the audience and create a connection with the argument
• Emotional appeal


  • Consider the heartwarming stories of individuals whose lives were positively transformed by this charitable program. Your support can make a real difference and bring hope to those in need
• Context


  The social, cultural, political, historical and other related factors that surround a text
• Intertextuality


  The interconnectedness and interdependence of texts, where one text makes reference to other texts
• Types of intertextuality


  • Parody or pastiche
  • Allusion
  • Adaptation
• Allusion


  An indirect reference to another work, character, event, or cultural element
• Types of allusion


  • Biblical allusion
  • Literary allusion
  • Cultural allusion
  • Historical allusion
• Parody


  Mimicking or imitating another work, often with a humorous or satirical intent
• Parody


  • Sumbong Sumbong Kay Bonggang Bonggang Bongbong
  • Pride and Prejudice and Zombies
• Pastiche


  A composition that imitates the style of another work or period
• Pastiche


  • Bridgerton
• Adaptation


  Transforming a work from one medium, genre, or context to another while maintaining a connection to the original
• Hypertext


  A technology that allows non-linear navigation of information through the use of hyperlinks
• Examples of hypertext


  • Wikipedia articles
  • Blog posts with embedded links
  • Interactive ebooks
  • Online news articles
  • HTML web pages
  • Interactive tutorials
  • Online shopping websites
  • Emails with hyperlinks
  • Social media posts
  • Interactive maps with information points