Multi Store Model

avatar
Created by
Nash

Cards (15)

  • Capacity - quantity of information stored
  • Duration - the length of time information is held for
  • Coding - the type or format of information being stored
  • Atkinson and Shiffrin (1968) proposed the multi store model. They suggested that memory is made up of three components: sensory register, short term memory, long term memory.
  • Memories are formed sequentially and information passes from one component to the next in linear fashion
  • Information enters the sensory register from the environment via our senses. These are separate sensory registers for each of the senses. Iconic memory: where visual information is coded visually.
    Echoic memory: where auditory information is coded acoustically
  • SENSORY REGISTER
    • Capacity: very large
    • Duration: limited (milliseconds)
    • Coding: sense specific
  • SHORT TERM MEMORY
    • Capacity: limited (7+/-2)
    • Duration: very limited (18 seconds)
    • Coding: acoustic
  • LONG TERM MEMORY
    • Capacity: unlimited
    • Duration: lifetime (years)
    • Semantic (meaning)
  • Peterson and Peterson (1959) investigated duration of STM, using 24 psychology students. Had to recall trigrams at different intervals, 3 to 18 seconds. Students had to count backwards to prevent rehearsal. At 3 seconds, 80% recalled correctly; at 18 seconds, 10% recalled correctly.
  • Jacobs examined the capacity of STM using a digit span test. Sample consisted of 443 female students who had to repeat back a string of numbers or letters. On average, participants could recall 7.3 letters and 9.3 numbers.
  • Miller's magic number 7
  • Bahrick et al (1975) examined 392 American university graduates on their memory for former classmates by asking participants to match the names of former classmates to pictures in a yearbook photo. 60% accuracy for matching names and faces 47 years after graduation
  • Clive Wearing - hippocampus almost entirely destroyed. Frontal lobes also damaged. In support of multi store model.
  • Patient KF suffered a motorcycle accident and sustained damage to his short term memory, specifically auditory information. His long term memory was unaffected. Criticism of the multi store model of memory.