exam paper 1 CAT theory

• Types of computers

  • Server
  • Desktop PCs
  • Laptops/notebooks
  • Tablets
  • Smartphone
• Dedicated computers

  • ATMs and barcode scanners in shops
  • Digital wristwatches
  • Non-programmable calculators
  • A smart TV or appliance
• Computational accuracy- Even small discrepancies in an organization can lead to a high level of uncertainty
• Modern spreadsheets, like Excel, with their hundreds of computational formulas, help ensure accuracy
• Better communication

  Technology enables users to communicate from anywhere and everywhere, allowing greater productivity
• Maintaining organization

  Technology helps in keeping the business fully organized. Systems like project management software help in building, delegating, reviewing and assessing a task
• Input

  Data is raw, unprocessed information that is not meaningful until it has been processed into valuable information
• Processing

  Calculations needed to display data in a way that makes sense to the user
• Output

  These devices make the raw data usable and visible, allowing users to interpret the data and turn it into information
• Storage

  Output may be used at a later stage and can be stored physically or digitally
• Communication

  Links all the stages together
• Digital camera data transfer

  Can be transferred using USB cables, Bluetooth or WiFi and connecting the camera to the internet and directly uploading the images
• Digital camera picture quality

  • Lens aperture
  • Focus length
  • Resolution
• Biometric input devices

  • Physical and behavioral
• Physical biometrics

  • Face
  • Fingerprint
  • Palm
  • Iris
  • DNA
• Behavioral biometrics

  • Keystroke
  • Voice
  • Signature
• Barcode readers

  Convert light and dark line data into alphanumeric values
• Visual output

  • Text
  • Image
  • Video
• Good quality monitor

  • Screen size
  • Resolution
  • Aspect ratio
  • Response time
• VGA

  Video graphics array
• HDMI

  High-definition multimedia
• VGA features

  • Analog
  • 2048 * 1536
  • 200+ Mbps
  • No audio
  • Monitor
  • Projector
• HDMI features

  • Digital
  • Up to 8k video
  • 48 Gbps
  • Has audio
  • Monitor/projector
  • TV/DVD Player, gaming system
• What databases allow users to do

  • Create databases
  • Create database tables
  • Add new data to databases
  • Delete information from databases
  • Retrieve data from databases
  • Make data available to users
  • Make data available to applications
  • Create, manage and monitor users using the database
• Field

  A single bit of information about a person or item
• Record

  A group of related fields about an item or person that is captured in the table
• Primary key

  A field that holds a unique identifier for each record in the database
• Datasheet view in Microsoft Access

  A visual representation of the data contained in a table or the results returned by a query
• Primary storage

  • RAM (random access memory)
  • Cache
• Secondary storage

  • ROM (read only memory)
  • Hard drive
  • SSD
  • USB
  • The cloud
• LANs

  Local area network
• WLANs

  Wireless local area network
• WANs

  Wide area network
• Switches

  Connect various hardware devices to each other
• Hubs

  Connect all the devices to the network and are at the centre of the network
• Routers

  Used to connect multiple devices to the Internet
• Network software types

  • Network storage software
  • Data archiving software
  • Patch management software
  • Security management software
  • Asset management software
• Uses of an intranet

  • To share organisational updates
  • Store files
  • Collaboration
  • Increases productivity
• Benefits of an intranet

  • Store files
  • Directories
  • Instant messaging
  • Content management
• Ways to keep your network secure

  • Install a firewall
  • Update passwords regularly
  • Filter and delete spam messages
  • Make use of encryption