ICT Finals Exam

• 10 rules of Netiquette


  • Remember the human
  • Adhere to the same standards online that you follow in real life
  • Know where you are in cyberspace
  • Respect other people's time and bandwidth
  • Make yourself look good online
  • Share expert knowledge
  • Help keep flame wars under control
  • Respect other people's privacy
  • Don't abuse your power
  • Be forgiving of other people's mistakes
• Security Requirement (CIA Triad)


  • Confidentiality
  • Integrity
  • Availability
• Threat Consequence


  • Unauthorized Disclosure
  • Deception
  • Usurpation
• Threat Action (Attack)


  • Exposure
  • Interception
  • Obstruction
  • Masquerade
  • Falsification
  • Repudiation
  • Misappropriation
• Types of System Intruders


  • Masquerader
  • Hackers
  • Clandestine user
• Virus Stages


  • Dormant phase
  • Propagation phase
  • Execution phase
  • Triggering phase
• 3 Parts of a Virus


  • Infection mechanism
  • Trigger
  • Payload
• Search Strategies


  • Question
  • Keyword searching
  • Advanced
• Image


  A representation of the external of a person/thing in art. May be 2d; photograph & screen display. May be 3d; statue & hologram. Universal term for any visual representation
• Picture


  Visual representation of someone, something, or a scene on any flat surface. Ex. drawing, painting, photography. Type of image
• Photo


  A scene on a special piece of paper taken by a camera. Type of picture
• Graphics


  Visual images/designs on some surface such as wall, canvas,or screen. Ex. photographs, line art, drawing, graphs, symbols
• Layout


  Part of graphic design that deals in the arrangement of visual elements on a page
• Infographics


  Used to represent information, statistical data or knowledge in a graphical manner usually done in a creative way to attract viewer's attention
• Basic Principles of Graphics and Layout


  • Balance
  • Emphasis
  • Movement
  • Pattern, Repetition, and Rhythm
  • Proportion
  • Variety
• Image File Formats


  • JPEG
  • GIF
  • PNG
• Photography


  The art and practice of creating durable images by recording light
• Aperture


  In optics aperture is a hole or an opening through which light travels
• Bokeh


  Blur produced in out-of-focus parts of an image produced by a lens
• Camera Positions


  • High Position
  • Eye-level position
  • Low position
• Camera Angles


  • High Angle
  • Eye-level Angle
  • Low angle
• Shutter speed


  Time taken for the light ray to pass through
• ISO


  Image sensor's capability in sensing light
• Dots Per Inch (DPI)


  Refers to the amount of dots a printer prints per inch. The higher the amount, the sharper/more detailed the image becomes during print, so does the file size of the image.
• Pixels Per Inch (PPI)


  Refers to the pixel density of the digital image (Mainly for computer screens, etc.)
• Graphic File Formats


  • JPG
  • GIF
  • TIFF
  • PDF
  • AI
  • PNG
  • BMP
  • PSD
  • EPS
  • SVG
• Raster images


  Use many colored pixels or individual building blocks to form a complete image
• Vector images


  Are stored as descriptions of lines, Bezier curves and text images instead of pixels
• Image Formats


  • JPEG
  • PNG
  • GIF
  • BMP
  • EPS
  • SVG
  • .3ds
  • .fbx
• Typography


  Refers to the art and technique of arranging text. Its objective is to make written language legible, readable and appealing.
• Typeface


  Basic design of a character (appearance)
• Font


  Specific size, weight, and style applied to typeface
• Classifications of Font


  • Style
  • Family
• Classification of Typeface


  • Serif
  • Sans Serif
  • Script
  • Decorated
• Serif


  A serif is the small extra stoke found at the end of the main strokes of some letters
• Sans Serif


  Sans is a French word that means "without". Sans Serif typefaces do not have extra strokes
• Script


  Characterized by beautiful curves and stroke weights. It is an imitation of the handwritten letter form.
• Decorated


  Decorated typefaces are designed to catch the eye with its complex design. However, it must be used in moderation
• Creating effective Typography


  • Pairing
  • Emphasis
  • Spacing
  • Kerning
  • Leading
  • Tracking
• Fundamentals


  • Line
  • Scale
  • Colour
  • Repetition
  • Negative space
  • Symmetry
  • Transparency
  • Texture
  • Balance
  • Hierarchy
  • Contrast
  • Framing
  • Grid
  • Randomness
  • Direction
  • Rules
  • Movement
  • Depth
  • Typography
  • Composition